鳥種選介-intro of bird
使用 鍵盤Ctrl+F 尋找您要的鳥種資訊 鳥種一覽表
中 名： 松雀鷹（台灣松雀鷹） 學 名： Accipiter virgatus 英 名： Besra 分 類： FALCONIFORMES 隼形目 Accipitridae 鷹科 保育等級： 珍貴稀有保育類 形態特徵： 松雀鷹雄鳥全長約30公分，雌鳥全長約37公分，是台灣鷲鷹科猛禽中體型較小的。嘴黑色，短而勾，蠟膜淡黃綠色；腳黃色，極纖細，趾長；虹膜黃色；體背面大致為暗灰藍色，尾羽灰褐色，有四道暗灰藍色橫斑；喉部純白，中央有黑褐色縱線。成鳥：喉以下至上胸有許多縱斑，胸部以下密布橫斑，腹中央雜有縱斑；雄鳥斑紋褐色，雌鳥灰褐色。亞成鳥：體背顏色較淡，羽緣淡褐色，頸側及胸、腹部之斑紋較細，且多為縱斑。 生態習性： 松雀鷹是台灣的特有亞種鳥類，常單獨棲立於樹枝上，伺機捕食經過的小型鳥類，極少到天空盤旋；領域性極強，常主動攻擊入侵者，直到其離去為止。主食鳥類，亦會捕捉小型鼠類、蛙類及昆蟲等。 Name： Besra Scientific： Accipiter virgatus Class： FALCONIFORMES Accipitridae Status： Endangered Description： Adult male: 30 cm; adult female: 37 cm. This bird is a smaller medium-sized Taiwan raptor. Black bill, short and hook-like, cere is light yellowish-green colour; legs yellow, very thin, feet long; iris yellow; back mostly bluish-gray, tail brownish-gray with 4 dark bluish-gray stripes; throat white with a bownish-black line running down in the middle. Adult bird: below throat amd before upper breast can find many vertical stripes, below breat has strongly barred horizontal stripes, at center belly is numerous vertical stripes; make adult has brown stripes while female adult has brownish-gray colour stripes. The juvenile: lighter clour on the back, plumage edge light brown, throat, breast, and belly has thinner and more stripes, mostly vertical stripes. Habits： Besra is a subendemic in Taiwan, often sit alone on tree branches, watching for preys such as smaller birds, very rarely circle in the sky; strong territorial sense and often attack who enters its territory until the invader leaves. Main source of food is birds, also capture small rats, frogs, and insects.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird10215.htm中 名： 鳳頭蒼鷹 學 名： Accipiter trivirgatus 英 名： Crested Goshawk 分 類： FALCONIFORMES 隼形目 Accipitridae 鷹科 保育等級： 珍貴稀有保育類 形態特徵： 鳳頭蒼鷹雄鳥全長約42公分，雌鳥全長約48公分，翼展約70∼90公分。成鳥：嘴黑色，蠟膜橙黃色；腳黃色；虹膜褐色；頭至後頸、鼠灰色，有冠羽；背部大致灰褐色，尾上覆羽淡褐色；尾羽有四條暗褐色橫斑；喉部白色，中央有一黑色縱斑；胸部白色，有暗栗色縱斑；腹部白色，密佈暗栗色橫斑；尾下覆羽甚白且膨鬆，飛行時會外翻至尾基兩側，此為本種野外辨識之特徵之一；翼型較短、後緣圓凸。亞成鳥：眼淡褐色；全身褐色，腹面顏色較淡，胸、腹皆有褐色縱斑。 生態習性： 鳳頭蒼鷹為台灣特有亞種，主要棲息在中、低海拔之闊葉林或開墾區中，偶爾會出現在都會區有濃密樹林的公園綠地中。鳳頭蒼鷹，有防衛領域的行為，天氣晴朗時，會於空中盤旋巡視領域，常在盤旋時，將雙翅下壓成倒「V」字型，並抖動飛羽末端。喜於林間隱密處埋伏，伺機獵食環頸雉、赤腹松鼠等獵物，亦會捕食其它中、大型鳥類、爬蟲類和兩棲類等。繁殖期為3∼9月，築巢於河谷或山溝附近森林中的大樹上，以樹枝架疊成平台狀的巢，每窩約產2枚蛋。 Name： Crested Goshawk Scientific： Accipiter trivirgatus Class： FALCONIFORMES Accipitridae Status： Endangered Description： Adult male: 42 cm; adult female: 48 cm, and about 70~90cm opened wing length. Adults: bill—black with yellow cere; legs and feet—yellow; Iris—brown; head to nape—gray with crown; mostly grey-brown on the back, uppertail converts is light brown; with 4 light brown bandings on tail; throat—white with one black vertical line in center; chest—white, with light brown vertical stripes; belly—white, cover in light brown horizontal stripes; undertail converts is white and fluffy, would open outwards while flying, and is a distinct characteristic for identifying Crested Goshawk. Wings are shorter and rounder at the end than other Accipiter hawks. Juvenile: eye—light brown; brown in full plumage with paler colouration on belly, and both chest and belly have brown vertical bands. Habits： Crested Goshawk is a subendemic in Taiwan, mainly nest at middle or low altitude’s deciduous forest or developing area. Sometimes they would appear in parks in cities where there are thick trees. Crested Goshawk has protecting its own territory behaviour. When it is sunny, it would circle in the sky and patrol around its own territory. While circling, the two wings compress down to shape as a “V” and shake the ends of flight feathers. When preying Ring-necked Pheasant and Red-bellied tree squirrel, Crested Goshawk likes to hide in a concealed area waiting for the chance to ambush. It also preys on other middle to large-sized birds, reptiles, amphibians, etc. The breeding period is 3~9 months, nests in forests trees near river valleys or gullies. It builds its nest by using tree branches as a frame and each nest would lay approximately 2 eggs.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird10212.htm中 名： 灰面鵟鷹（灰面鷲、南路鷹、山後鳥、國慶鳥） 學 名： Butastur indicus 英 名： Grey-faced Buzzard-Eagle 分 類： FALCONIFORMES 隼形目 Accipitridae 鷹科 保育等級： 其他應予保育之野生動物 形態特徵： 灰面鵟鷹雄鳥全長約43公分，雌鳥全長約49公分，翼展雄鳥約31∼35公分，雌鳥約32∼35公分。嘴黑色，蠟膜橙黃色；腳黃色；虹膜黃色；全身棕褐色。雄鳥：眉斑白色，臉頰灰色；喉乳白色，中央有一暗褐色縱帶；頭及後頸為赤褐色；背部為褐色，覆羽兩側及末端白色形成「V」形白腰；飛羽有四∼六條黑色橫紋；腹部、腋下及尾下覆羽之底色白色，有赤褐色橫斑。雌鳥：頭、頸及背部暗褐色，眉斑較窄，腹面色澤較深。幼鳥：背面褐色略帶紅色，腹面有黑褐色縱斑，體側有橫斑，尾羽灰褐色有數條暗色橫斑。 生態習性： 灰面鵟鷹為台灣春秋二季之過境鳥與稀有冬候鳥，每年十月在南台灣恆春半島滿州鄉過境往東南亞、南洋一帶渡冬；次年三、四月北返時，有大群停棲八卦山、大肚山台地，夜間常停棲於相思樹、竹叢上。灰面鵟鷹平時喜單獨活動，遷徙時則聚集成群，常數以百千計在空中盤旋，為台灣主要的過境猛禽之一，數量僅次於赤腹鷹。黃昏時選擇背風山坡，棲停於相思樹、檳榔樹上，通常在闊葉林上層過夜，日出時分利用上昇氣流盤旋，至某一高度後再順風遷移，此即所謂的「落鷹」與「起鷹」。以囓齒類、蜥蝪、鳥類、蛇類及大型昆蟲為食物。 Name： Grey-faced Buzzard-Eagle Scientific： Butastur indicus Class： FALCONIFORMES Accipitridae Status： Vulnerable Description： Grey-faced Buzzard male: 43cm; female: 49cm. The length of opened wing for males is about 31~35cm, and for female is about 32~35cm. Black bill with orange-yellow cere; legs and feet—yellow; Iris—yellow; plumage—brown. Male: eyebrow—white, cheeks—gray; throat—milky white with brown vertical stripe running down the middle; head and nape are rufous; back—brown with both sides of coverts white like a “V-shaped” belt; flight feather has 4~6 black horizontal stripes; belly and Flank and undertail converts are white with rufous horizontal stripes. Female: head, nape, and back are dark brown, eyebrow is narrower, belly has darker colour. Immature: back—reddish brown, belly has dark brown vertical marks and sides of body have horizontal stripes, tail is grey-brown with several dark horizontal bands. Habits： Grey-faced Buzzard-Eagle is a spring- and fall-passing vagrant and a rare winter vagrant in Taiwan. Every year in October, at Heng-Chun Peninsula, Man-Zhou Township in southern Taiwan, they head towards south-eastern Asia and regions around Southern Pacific. They return north at May and April the following year, big flights of birds would rest at Ba-Gua Mountain and Da-Du Mountain, and often perch in Taiwan acacia and canebrake at night. Grey-faced Buzzard normally likes to move about in solitude, but would migrate in groups of hundreds or thousands circling in the sky. Grey-faced Buzzard is one of the main vagrant birds of prey in Taiwan, and the quantity of their party comes in second behind Chinese Goshawk. About the time of sundown, they would choose a leeward hillside, rest in Taiwan acacia or areca, and often perch on the upper portion of deciduous forests over night. When sunup, they circle upwards using the ascendant current to reach a certain height and then migrate with the wind, hence the terns: “Fallen Eagle” and “Risen Eagle”. Their main source of food includes: rodents, lizards, birds, snakes, and large insects.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird10201.htm中 名： 林鵰 學 名： Ictinaetus malayensis 英 名： Indian Black Eagle 分 類： FALCONIFORMES 隼形目 Accipitridae 鷹科 保育等級： 瀕臨絕種保育類 形態特徵： 林鵰全長約70公分，翼展約170公分。成鳥：嘴灰色，先端黑色，蠟膜黃色；虹膜褐色，眼先灰黑色，眉骨突出；趾黃色，爪黑色，爪彎曲度甚小，爪形由前看由外趾、中趾、而內趾逐漸加長，此為辨識上的重點；全身大致為黑褐色；初級飛羽底面基部顏色較淡；尾部有灰褐色橫帶；飛行時翼寬長，呈長方形但基部較窄，翼端7根初綠飛羽形成的指叉非常深。尾長，盤旋時通常不張開。幼鳥：眼深褐色，眼先黃色；背面羽色較淡，有淡色斑點；腹面黃褐色，有暗色縱斑。 生態習性： 林鵰在台灣為稀有留鳥，在台灣主要棲息於海拔2500公尺以下之闊葉林與針闊葉混合林中。林鵰偏好在稜線附近活動，主要以嚙齒類，鳥類、蜥蜴、蛙類等為食物，也會偷襲其他鳥類巢中的蛋及幼鳥。求偶期會有波浪狀飛行行為。多築巢於森林中高大的樹冠上，每窩產1∼2個蛋，白色至粉紅色底，有緊密、細小的紅磚色斑點。成對生活，配偶間並不因繁殖結束而分離。 Name： Indian Black Eagle Scientific： Ictinaetus malayensis Class： FALCONIFORMES Accipitridae Status： Critically Endangered Description： Body length: about 70cm, opened wing: 170cm. Adult: bill—gray with black tip and yellow cere; iris—brown, lores—dark gray with protruding eyebrow; feet—yellow, claws—black, claws have small curvature and have longer toes towards the center of the body, which is a main characteristic for identification. Plumage is primarily dark brown; inner primaries has lighter colouration; tail has grey-brown horizontal bands; when flying, wings form a rectangle but narrower towards the base, the first 7 tips of the flight feather forms deep forks. Long tail, and does not open when circling. Immature: eye—dark brown, lores—yellow; back is paler with light spots; belly is yellowish-brown with dark vertical stripes. Habits： Indian Black Eagle is a very rare resident in Taiwan, mainly nests in deciduous forests and coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forests below the altitude of 2500 meter. Indian Black Eagle prefers to move about besides crest line and feeds on mainly rodents, birds, lizards, frogs, and also ambush the nests of other bird species for eggs or immature chicks. During courtship, they would fly in a weavy line and build their nests in tall tree-crowns in the forests. Each nest would have 1~2 eggs that are white to pink colour with compact little red markings. The mating couples live in pairs, and would not separate after the end of breeding period.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird10213.htm中 名： 蜂鷹（鵰頭鷹） 學 名： Pernis ptilorhynchus 英 名： Oriental Honey Buzzard 分 類： FALCONIFORMES 隼形目 Accipitridae 鷹科 保育等級： 珍貴稀有保育類 形態特徵： 蜂鷹雄鳥全長約57公分，雌鳥全長約60公分。嘴黑色，嘴基及蠟膜藍灰色，趾黃色。本種體色因個體差異而有各種羽色型態，主要特徵：頭黑褐色，後頸至背部暗褐色，頰、喉淡褐色，腮線、顎線黑色，頸部有黑色頸環；胸以下淡褐色，有黑褐色縱斑；飛行時，飛羽下方為白色且密布黑色橫帶；初級飛羽末端黑色；尾羽淡褐色，末端黑色，基部有兩條黑色橫斑。幼鳥：嘴基及蠟膜黃色。 生態習性： 蜂鷹在台灣為不普遍之過境鳥、冬候鳥及稀有之留鳥，在台灣主要棲息於中、低海拔之闊葉林帶蜂鷹因食性特殊，以蜂類之蛹為主食而得「蜂鷹」之名；此外亦捕食蛙類、鳥類及蜥蝪。近年發現有少數族群會在春夏生殖季時出現，並有特殊翻飛及波浪狀飛行之求偶展示行為；會以半消化的食物反吐出來餵食幼鶵。 Name： Oriental Honey Buzzard Scientific： Pernis ptilorhynchus Class： FALCONIFORMES 隼形目 Accipitridae 鷹科 Status： Endangered Description： Male: about 57cm and female: about 60cm. Bill—black, cere—bluish-gray, feet—yellow. This species has various types of plumage due to differences between individuals. Main characteristics are: head—black-brown, nape to back is dark brown, Ear coverts and throat is lighter brown, cheek line and jaw line are black, chin has a black ring; below chest is light brown with black-brown vertical bands. While flying, one can observe below the flight feathers is white with black horizontal stripes; primaries tipped black; tail—light brown with black ends, the base has two black horizontal lines. Immature: bill base and cere are yellow. Habits： Oriental Honey Buzzard is an uncommon vagrant, a winter migratory bird, and a rare resident bird in Taiwan. It nests in deciduous forests at middle and low altitude. This species has an unusual source of food as bee’s pupa, hence the name Oriental “Honey Buzzard”; other than bee pupa, it also preys on frogs, birds, and lizards. Recent years there are few parties that would appear in the breeding seasons in sprig and summer, and also flies in a special weavy pattern to seek for mating partner. The parents would vomit half-digested food to feed their chicks.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird10203.htm中 名： 大冠鷲（蛇鷹） 學 名： Spilornis cheela 英 名： Crested Serpent Eagle 分 類： FALCONIFORMES 隼形目 Accipitridae 鷹科 保育等級： 珍貴稀有保育類 形態特徵： 大冠鷲全長約70公分，翼長約47∼50公分。嘴鉛黑色，眼、眼先、蠟膜和腳黃色。頭上有黑白相間的扇形羽冠；後頸及背部暗褐色，翼上覆羽及肩羽有白色細斑點；尾羽黑褐色，中段有白色橫帶，極為醒目；腹面茶褐色，有褐色細橫斑，腹部以下有白色圓斑；飛行時，翼下飛羽黑褐色，有明顯之白色寬橫帶。亞成鳥：身體羽色較淡，頭部較白；飛行時翼下密布橫紋。 生態習性： 大冠鷲棲息分佈在台灣的族群為台灣特有亞種，棲息於中、低海拔之闊葉森林或開墾之茶園山坡地。大冠鷲多數單獨一隻活動，有時會有七、八隻同時在空中盤旋的情形；飛行時常發「忽－忽－、忽溜、忽溜－」的哨音；亦常停棲於視野良好的樹枝或電線上定點守候，以蛇、蜥蝪、鼠類為捕食對象，故在鄉野間亦稱之為「蛇鷹」，有時亦會捕食蜈蚣、螃蟹。繁殖期為3∼7月，通常築巢於較隱密之森林中有藤蔓的大樹分叉處，每窩產1枚蛋，蛋為淡乳黃色，殼上有淡赤色、灰色斑點。幼鳥有「白色型」與「黑色型」二種個體。 Name： Crested Serpent Eagle Scientific： Spilornis cheela Class： FALCONIFORMES Accipitridae Status： Endangered Description： Crested Serpent Eagle’s body length is about 70cm, wing length: about 47~50cm. Bill—black, eyes, lores, cere, and feet are yellow. On its head is a black-white interchanging fan-shaped crown; nape and back are dark brown, primary coverts and mantle have white tiny markings; tail is black-brown with a distinct white horizontal band in the middle; belly is yellowish-brown with brown thin stripes running horizontally, and below the belly are white circular dots; while flying, underwing coverts is black-brown with a distinct white wide horizontal band. Juvenile: lighter plumage and paler head; while flying, underwing is covered in horizontal markings. Habits： Crested Serpent Eagle is a subendemic in Taiwan, nests in deciduous forests and developed tea garden on hillsides, at middle and low altitudes. Crested Serpent Eagle mainly move about in solitude, but sometimes can see seven or eight of them circling in the sky at the same time; and usually would make the sound of: “hoo—hoo—, hoo lu, hoolu—”; often sits on branches or wires with a good field of view to wait for its prey such as snakes, lizards, rats, thus was also known as the “Snake Eagle” at countryside, and sometimes it would prey on centipedes and crabs. Its breeding season is berween March to July. They usually build their nests in discreet forests at the branched point of viny trees. Each nest has one egg—pale yellow with light red and gray dots on the shell. Immature: divides into two groups: “white type” and “black type”.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird10209.htm中 名： 熊鷹（赫氏角鷹、鷹鵰） 學 名： Spozaetus nipalensis 英 名： Mountain Hawk Eagle 分 類： FALCONIFORMES 隼形目 Accipitridae 鷹科 保育等級： 瀕臨絕種保育類 形態特徵： 熊鷹雄鳥全長約75公分、雌鳥全長約80公分，翼長約45∼58公分，為台灣猛禽類留鳥中體型最大者。嘴黑色，蠟膜淡灰黃色；虹膜橘黃色；趾淡黃色，爪黑色，跗蹠密生羽毛；頭暗褐色，頭頂及臉頰濃黑褐色，後頭羽毛較長，豎起時形成角狀冠羽；背部暗褐色，飛羽褐色，有若干黑褐色橫斑；尾羽黑褐色，有五、六條淡褐色橫帶；頰暗褐色；喉部乳白色中央有黑褐色縱線，頸至胸有暗褐色縱斑；腹以下白色，有褐色橫斑；飛行時，雙翼寬廣、後緣圓突。亞成鳥：外觀類似成鳥，羽毛花紋較淡，斑紋較不明顯。 生態習性： 熊鷹在台灣為稀有留鳥，主要棲息於海拔500∼3,000公尺左右之原始闊葉林或針闊葉混合之大面積天然林，族群數量極稀少。熊鷹覓食時，大都採伏擊型之狩獵方式，先停於視野遼闊之枝椏上，當獵物出現，即悄然滑行接近獵物，再急速俯衝突擊；通常以獮猴、飛鼠、松鼠及雉雞等中小型動物為捕食對象。築巢於森林深處、臨近溪流之高大樹上。 Name： Mountain Hawk Eagle Scientific： Spozaetus nipalensis Class： FALCONIFORMES Accipitridae Status： Critically Endangered Description： Male: about 75 cm, Female: about 80cm, wing length: about 45~58cm, is the largest-sized bird of prey in Taiwan. Bill—black, cere—light grayish-yellow; iris—orange-yellow; toes—light yellow, claws—black and cover with feather; head—dark brown with cap and cheek dark brown, crown has longer feathers, and stand up as horn-shaped; back—dark brown, flight feather—brown with several black horizontal lines; tail—dark brown with five to six light brown horizontal stripes; cheeks—dark brown; throat—milky white with a centered dark brown vertical line; neck to breast has dark brown vertical lines; below the belly is white with dark horizontal lines; when flying, wings extends out broad and wide, and circular tips protrude out. Juvenile: similar to adults, lighter plumage with less distinctive markings. Habits： Mountain Hawk Eagle is a rare resident, who mainly perches in large coniferous and broad-leaf mixed natural forests at altitudes around 500~3000 meters, and the number of parties is very limited. When Mountain Hawk Eagle preys, it primarily chooses to ambush, stopping at a branch with a good field of view first, softly glide towards the prey when a prey appears, then dive into the prey with full speed. It preys on mostly macaques, flying squirrels, squirrels, pheasants, and middle to small-sized animals. Its nest is built on a tall tree close to streams in deep forests.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird10223.htm中 名： 紅隼（紅鷹） 學 名： Falco tinnunculus 英 名： Common Kestreil 分 類： FALCONIFORMES 隼形目 Falconidae 隼科 保育等級： 其他應予保育類野生動物(比照CITES附錄 ) 形態特徵： 紅隼雄鳥全長約33公分，雌鳥全長約38公分；翼展69∼74公分。雄鳥：嘴青灰色，先端黑色，蠟膜淡黃色；腳黃色；眼下方有深灰色垂直條班；頭、頸鼠灰色；背部紅褐色，具黑色橫斑；飛羽黑褐色；尾羽鼠灰色，末緣白色而內側有黑色寬帶；喉部乳白色；腹面淡黃褐色，有黑色縱斑。雌鳥：大致似雄鳥，但頭至後頸紅褐色而具深色細縱紋；尾羽赤褐色且具明顯之橫斑。 生態習性： 紅隼是台灣常見的冬候鳥及過境鳥。紅隼棲地非常多樣，從草地、海邊、森林到農墾區均有記錄；除上述環境外，也會進入都市上空活動。飛行能力強，會做短距離的滑翔；經常在空中定點飛翔，一但發現獵物則以極快的速度垂直俯衝擷取。主要以小型哺乳類、小鳥及昆蟲為食。 Name： Common Kestreil Scientific： Falco tinnunculus Class： FALCONIFORMES Falconidae Status： Vulnerable Description： Male: 33cm; female: 38cm; opened wing length: 69-74cm. Male: bill—grayish-green, black at the tip, and cere as pale yellow; leg and feet—yellow; below the eyes are dark gray vertical lines; head and neck—grey; back—rufous with black horizontal lines; flight feathers—black brown; tail—grey with white tips and black bands towards the center; throat—milky white; belly—light yellowish-brown with black vertical lines. Female: similar to males except behind the head to nape is rufous with dark thin vertical stripes; tail is rufous with distinct horizontal markings. Habits： Common Kestreil is the most commly seen winter migrating bird in Taiwan. It has various nesting grounds: grassland, seacoast, forest, and farmland all have records of Common Kestreil. Other than the environment described previously, it also flies into cities. With its strong flying abilities, it can carry out short-distance gliding; and often flies point to point in the sky. As soon as it sees the prey, it would dive down to catch it with extremely rapid speed. Its main source of food includes small mammals, little birds and insects.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird10207.htm中 名： 台灣山鷓鴣（深山竹雞、紅腳竹雞） 學 名： Arborophila crudigularis 英 名： Taiwan Partridge 分 類： GALLIFORMES 雞形目 Phasianidae 雉科 保育等級： 其他應予保育類 形態特徵： 台灣山鷓鴣全長約22∼25公分；腳紅色；眼圈栗褐色，外緣黑色；前額灰色，頭、頸至背部大致為橄欖褐色，羽毛上有黑色之括弧斑紋；翼有栗褐色與淡灰褐色相間之橫帶；頰、喉、前頸聯成一片明顯的白色斑，頸側黑色；胸及側藍灰色，有白色縱斑；腹下乳白色；尾下覆羽淡土黃色，有黑色橫斑；體型圓胖，尾羽極短。 生態習性： 台灣山鷓鴣是台灣特有種鳥類，主要生活在中、低海拔山區天然闊葉林之樹林底層，偶而會到林道邊緣活動。台灣山鷓鴣性極隱密，不易發現其蹤跡。常在森林深處發出音階逐漸昇高之「咕嚕、咕嚕……」連續鳴叫聲，在非繁殖期叫聲大部份集中在清晨。食物有蚯蚓、昆蟲、植物的嫩葉、果實及種子等。 Name： Taiwan Partridge Scientific： Arborophila crudigularis Class： GALLIFORMES Phasianidae Status： Vulnerable Description： Taiwan Partridge is about 22~25 cm; feet—red; lores—brown with black edges; forehead—grey, head and neck to back is primarily olive-brown, with black bracket-shaped markings; wings have brown and light grayish-brown interchanging horizontal stripes; cheek, throat, and fore-neck connects into a band of white markings, both sides of neck are black; breast is blueish-gray with white vertical lines; below the belly—milky white; undertail coverts—light soil yellow with black horizontal stripes; rounded body with very short tail. Habits： Taiwan Partridge is an endemic species in Taiwan. It mainly lives in the bottom layer of deciduous forests at low altitudes, and would walk around the edges of the forest from time to time. Taiwan Partridge is extremely elusive, not easily to be found. It makes the continuous sound of ascending “gu-lu, gu-lu…”, and it calls primarily at early dawn in non-breeding seasons. It feeds on earthworms, insects, leaflets, fruits, and seeds, etc.中 名： 竹雞 學 名： Bambusicola thoracica 英 名： Chinese Bamboo Partridge 分 類： GALLIFORMES 雞形目 Phasianidae 雉科 形態特徵： 竹雞全長約25公分。背面大致為暗紅棕色，有栗褐色及白色斑點；頭上有紅褐色斑，翅膀暗紅褐色，有深色虫蠹斑；尾羽外側栗褐色。胸至尾下覆羽橙褐色，兩側有栗褐色鱗斑。台灣亞種的臉頰頸側及上胸呈灰藍色；喉部呈栗色。 生態習性： 竹雞是台灣的特有亞種留鳥。常以3~5隻成小群出現於中、低海拔之灌木叢、樹林底層或草叢中。 Name： Chinese Bamboo Partridge Scientific： Bambusicola thoracica Class： GALLIFORMES Phasianidae Status： Common Description： Chinese Bamboo Partridge is about 25cm. Back is primarily rufous with brown and white spots; on top of its head is reddish-brown, wings are dark rufous with dark markings; tail edges are brown. Chest to undertail coverts is orange-brown with brown crescent markings. Taiwan subendemic’ cheeks and ear coverts are grayish-blue; throat is brown. Habits： Chinese Bamboo Partridge is a subendemic resident in Taiwan. It often appears in groups of three to five in bushes, grasses and the bottom of forests at middle and low altitudes.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird112.htm中 名： 藍腹鷴（紅腳山雞） 學 名： Lophura swinhoii 英 名： Swinhoe's Pheasant 分 類： GALLIFORMES 雞形目 Phasianidae 雉科 保育等級： 瀕臨絕種保育類 形態特徵： 藍腹鷴雄鳥全長約72公分，雌鳥全長約46∼57公分；雄鳥翼長約24∼25.5公分，雌鳥翼長約23∼24公分。腳紅色；臉部裸露之皮膚血紅色。雄鳥：全身大部分為藍黑色而帶有紫藍色金屬光澤；頭部暗藍黑色，有白色羽冠；背部白色；肩羽紫紅褐色；初級飛羽黑褐色；尾羽除中央一對為白色外，其餘均為深藍色。雌鳥：體型較雄鳥小，背面大致為暗褐色，有均勻排列之土黃「V」形花紋；頭、頸及腹面為黃褐色，有黑褐色細紋；體側有深褐色「V」形花紋；翼上覆羽紅褐色，有明顯之黑色細紋；翼面黑褐色，有紅褐色及土黃色斑紋；尾羽紅褐色，中央數對有土黃色及褐色橫紋。幼鳥：外形似小雞，有過眼線，頭上有數條暗褐色縱紋。 生態習性： 藍腹鷴是台灣特有種鳥類，主要棲息於低海拔至海拔2,500公尺山區森林下層。藍腹鷴常於晨昏、濃霧或天候不佳、光線昏暗時，出現在林下開闊處或林道上覓食。性羞怯、隱秘、警覺性極高，稍受干擾即迅速鑽入林下草叢中或疾速飛往坡下。啄食野莓、植物之幼芽、果實及嫩葉，亦會耙開地面之腐植層，撿食蚯蚓及其他無脊椎動物。築巢於地面，巢位極為隱密，每窩產3∼8個蛋，一般由雌鳥伏窩孵蛋，約25天孵出幼雛。 Name： Swinhoe's Pheasant Scientific： Lophura swinhoii Class： GALLIFORMES Phasianidae Status： Critically Endangered Description： Male: 72cm, female: 46~57cm; male wing length: 24~25.5cm, female wing length: 23~24cm. Feet—red; exposed face—blood-red. Male: mostly blueish-black with blueish-purple metallic colour; head is dark blueish-black with white crown; back—white; mantle—rufous-purple; primaries—blackish-brown; other than the central pair of feathers are white, the rest is dark blue. Female: smaller than males, back is dark brown primarily, with evenly spaced out “V-shaped” markings; head, neck and belly are yellowish-brown with blackish-brown thin stripes; sides of the body also have dark brown “V-shaped” markings; upperwing coverts is rufous with distinct black thin bands; wing coverts is dark brown with rufous and yellowish-brown markings; tail is rufous with numerous yellowish-brown and brown horizontal lines running down the center. Immature: appear as a chick, has supercilium and few stripes of dark brown vertical lines. Habits： Swinhoe's Pheasant is an endemic bird in Taiwan. It mainly nests in bottom layer of the forests that are lower than 2500meters of altitude. It would appear at dusk, when there is thick fog, bad weather, or dim lights to walk about the forest and look for food. Swinhoe's Pheasant is elusive, secretive, and highly alert. Any interference would cause it to hide under the brushwoods in forests rapidly or fly down the hills. It feeds on wild berries, buds, fruits, and leaflets, and it also harrow out the layer of rotten leafs on the ground to pick out earthworms and other spinless animals. It builds its nest on the ground in a concealed area. Each nest would have three to eight eggs, and females usually brood on the eggs for about 25 days until the baby chicks are hatched.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan34.htm中 名： 黑長尾雉（帝雉） 學 名： Syrmaticus mikado 英 名： Mikado Pheasant 分 類： GALLIFORMES 雞形目 Phasianidae 雉科 保育等級： 瀕臨絕種保育類 形態特徵： 黑長尾雉雄鳥全長約72∼87公分，雌鳥全長約46∼52公分；雄鳥翼長21.5∼23公分，雌鳥翼長18.5∼21.5公分；雄鳥尾長52∼60公分，雌鳥尾長17∼21公分。腳綠褐色；眼周圍裸露的皮膚暗血紅色。雄鳥：全身大致深藍黑色而有光澤，背以下各羽有藍色羽緣，翅膀有一條白色翼帶，次級飛羽末端白色；尾羽甚長，有白色橫紋；胸、腹部在適當的光線下，羽緣會閃光而呈現魚鱗狀寶藍斑紋。雌鳥：體型較小，全身大致為橄欖褐色帶有淺色縱斑；飛羽黑褐色，有橙褐色橫斑；尾羽栗色，有明顯之黑色橫斑；胸、腹部有黑色斑點及白色箭頭形斑紋。 生態習性： 黑長尾雉是台灣特有種鳥類，分布侷限於高山，自北部之拉拉山至南部大武山，而以中央山脈之中、高海拔山區較多。黑長尾雉棲息於中、高海拔山區的針闊葉混合林、針葉林及箭竹林草原中。性隱密、機警、寧靜，常於雨後或晨昏時分沿著小徑或林緣地帶覓食，遇干擾時，緩緩躲入草叢中，較少驚飛；領域性強，常單獨行動。習慣邊走邊覓食，食性極廣，包含木本、草本植物之嫩芽、果實、種子及昆蟲和蚯蚓等。繁殖期為3∼7月，配對方式為一夫一妻或一夫多妻，築巢於濃密芒草叢或枯木底下，每窩產2∼8個蛋，蛋為淡乳色，約經28天孵化。 Name： Mikado Pheasant Scientific： Syrmaticus mikado Class： GALLIFORMES Phasianidae Status： Critically Endangered Description： Male: about 72~87cm, female: 46~52cm; male wing length: 21.5~23cm, female wing length: 18.5~21.5cm; male tail: 52~60cm, female tail: 17~21cm. Leg and feet—greenish-brown; around the eyes where the skin is exposed appears dark blood-red. Male: plumage is mostly dark blueish-black with luster, each feather below the back has a blue edge, both wings have a white band, tip of primaries are white; tail is fairly long with white horizontal stripes; breast and belly under sufficient light will shine at the edges and displays crescent shaped royal-blue markings. Female: smaller than males, plumage is primarily olive-brown with pale vertical lines; flight feather is black-brown with orange-brown horizontal stripes; tail is brown with distinct black horizontal bands; breast and belly has black spots and white arrow-shaped markings. Habits： Mikado Pheasant is an endemic species in Taiwan, who distributed in high mountains from La-La Mountain in the north to Da-Wu Mountain in the south, and middle to high altitudes at Central Mountain Range. It nests in coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forests, coniferous forests, and grassland in bamboo forests at middle to high altitudes. It is secretive, alert, and quiet, and often walks along forest paths or edges of forest after rain or at dusk to find food. When Mikado Pheasant is intruded, it hinds into brushwoods slow-footed, not likely to fly out startled; strong territorial sense and often live in solitary. It has the tendency of seeking food while walking. It feeds on a wide range of food including: buds of woody and herbaceous plants, fruits, seeds, insects, earthworm, and so on. Its breeding season is between March and July. Mating partners are either monogamy or polygamy, and build their nest in thick awn or beneath dead woods. Each nest has two to eight eggs that are milky-coloured and can be hatched in about 28 days.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan29.htm中 名： 灰林鴿 學 名： Columba pulchricollis 英 名： Ashy Wood Pigeon 分 類： COLUMBIFORMES 鴿形目 Columbidae 鳩鴿科 形態特徵： 灰林鴿全長約35公分。頭部灰色，喉部中央白色，頸部有淡色與黑色相間的鱗斑狀頸環。上背呈現綠色及紫色光澤；尾羽、翼為黑褐色，前胸有綠色及紫色閃光，嘴黃綠色，腳紫紅色。 生態習性： 灰林鴿是台灣山區常見的留鳥。常成群出現中海拔山區之闊葉林地帶，以核果和漿果等為食。常發出「呼-呼」的恐怖聲。 Name： Ashy Wood Pigeon Scientific： Columba pulchricollis Class： COLUMBIFORMES Columbidae Status： Common Description： Body length is about 35cm. Grey head, white at the center of throat, pale-and-black interchanging crescent-shaped markings encircles the neck. Nape reveals a shimmering green and purple colour; tail and coverts are black-brown, breast has green and purple luster, bill—yellowish-green, leg and feet—reddish-purple. Habits： Ashy Wood Pigeon is a common resident in Taiwan. Often found in groups in deciduous forests at mid-altitude. It feeds on nuts and berries. A horrifying “Woo-Woo” sound is frequently made by Ashy Wood Pigeon.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird13201.htm中 名： 金背鳩 學 名： Streptopelia orientalis 英 名： Oriental Turtle Dove 分 類： COLUMBIFORMES 鴿形目 Columbidae 鳩鴿科 形態特徵： 金背鳩全長約32公分。中等體型，為偏粉色系的斑鳩。頭至頸部、胸、腹大致為淡紫褐色，頸基兩側各有一片具有藍灰白色羽緣的黑色塊斑，背部暗褐色，肩部及背部羽毛羽緣紅褐色，形成魚鱗狀斑紋。尾羽顏色較深，接近黑色，腹下呈粉鼠灰色。嘴鉛藍色，腳近紅色。 生態習性： 金背鳩是台灣特有亞種的留鳥，常出現於低海拔之山區、丘陵地帶。 Name： Oriental Turtle Dove Scientific： Streptopelia orientalis Class： COLUMBIFORMES Columbidae Status： Common Description： Body length is about 32cm, medium size. Its colouration is mainly towards pinkish or whitish. From head to neck, breast, and belly are primarily purpleish-brown, on sides of the neck are grayish-blue edges with black spots, back—dark brown, mantle and back has auburn edges with cresent-shpaed markings. Tail is dark (close to black), below belly is powdery-gray. Bill—blueish-grey, leg and feet—red. Habits： Oriental Turtle Dove is a subendemic resident in Taiwan, and often appears at low-altitude mountains and hills.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird13201.htm中 名： 綠鳩 (青隹) 學 名： Treron sieboldi 英 名： White-bellied Green Pigeon 分 類： COLUMBIFORMES 鴿形目 Columbidae 鳩鴿科 形態特徵： 綠鳩屬中等體型鳩鴿類，全長約33公分。雄鳥背面大致橄欖綠色，額、頸側前頭略帶黃綠色，尾羽外側黑色，翅膀的覆羽呈紫栗色。雌鳥大致似雄鳥，頭、胸不具橙色，翼面中、小覆羽暗橄欖綠色。 生態習性： 綠鳩是台灣的留鳥，非生殖季常成小群出現於中、低海拔之濃密闊葉林，飛行速度甚快。 Name： White-bellied Green Pigeon Scientific： Treron sieboldi Class： COLUMBIFORMES Columbidae Status： Common Description： Medium sized pigeon, 33cm. Male: mainly olive-green, forehead, ear coverts, and crown are slightly yellowish-green, outer tail is black, coverts are purple-brown. Female: similar to males, head and breast does not contain orange colour, medium and lesser coverts are dark olive-green. Habits： White-bellied Green Pigeon is a resident in Taiwan, and often occur in small groups in deciduous forests at low and mid-altitudes during non-breeding seasons. Its flying speed is considerably fast.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird13201.htm中 名： 中杜鵑(筒鳥) 學 名： Cuculus saturatus 英 名： Oriental Cuckoo 分 類： CUCULIFORMES 鵑形目 Cuculidae 杜鵑科 形態特徵： 中杜鵑全長約26公分。屬體型略小的灰色杜鵑。頭、頸部及上胸為鼠灰色；腹面有黑色、淡褐色相間之橫斑。雌鳥有赤色型，背面紅褐色，腹面黃褐色，皆密佈黑色橫斑。與大杜鵑的區別在於胸部橫斑較粗較寬。 生態習性： 中杜鵑是台灣常見的夏候鳥。每年4-7月出現於低至高海拔山區，常單獨在林梢或電線上停棲，本身不築巢亦不育雛，托卵於其他種巢中，為一種卵寄生鳥，寄主的蛋往往被破壞或推出巢外。常發出單調似「不不－不不－」之聲。 Name： Oriental Cuckoo Scientific： Cuculus saturatus Class： CUCULIFORMES Cuculidae Status： Common Description： Small-sized (26cm) gray cuckoo. Head, neck, and upper breast are gray; belly has black-and-light brown interchanging horizontal bands. Female has a red-coloured type, belly—yellowish-brown with black horizontal stripes. It differs from Cuckoo in that Oriental Cuckoo’s bands at the breast are thicker and wider. Habits： Oriental Cuckoo is a common summer migrating bird in Taiwan. Each year from April to July, it would appear in mountains at low to high altitudes. It often rests on forest branches and wires. Cuckoo does not build nests nor brood its own eggs. It lays eggs in the nests of other species, also known as a “brood parasite”. Host’s eggs are often destroyed or thrown out of the nest by cuckoo. It makes a dull note sounding like “bubu—bubu—”.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird16001.htm中 名： 鵂鶹 學 名： Glaucidium brodiei 英 名： Collared Owlet 分 類： STRIGIFORMES 鴞形目 Strigidae 鴟鴞科 保育等級： 其他應予保育之野生動物 形態特徵： 鵂鶹全長約15公分，翼長約9公分，為台灣體型最小的貓頭鷹。嘴黃綠色，蠟膜膨大成管狀；腳黃褐色；眼先和眉斑白色；顏盤灰褐色，有細小白斑散布；頭圓而小，無角羽，有小白點及較大之淡乳黃色斑點均勻散布；後頸有黃褐色頸輪，其間鑲有一對似眼罩般的黑斑，很像另一對眼睛；背部褐色，有黃褐色橫斑；腹面大致白色，胸部密布著深褐色的橫帶，腹部兩側有不規則之暗黃褐色縱斑，尾下覆羽白色。 生態習性： 鵂鶹在台灣為尚稱普遍之留鳥，主要棲息於中海拔附近有空曠地之林地或森林邊緣。鵂鶹主要在夜間活動，但有時白天也會出來活動。在黃昏、晚間或黎明時分的山區曠野中常聽到其單調、連續兩節「噓－噓、噓－噓」或「忽－忽、忽－忽」的鳴叫；以昆蟲、小鳥為主食。通常生蛋於樹洞裡，有時會利用五色鳥、啄木鳥之舊巢。 Name： Collared Owlet Scientific： Glaucidium brodiei Class： STRIGIFORMES Strigidae Status： Vulnerable Description： Collared Owlet is the smallest owl found in Taiwan: body length—about 15cm, and wing length—about 9cm. Bill is yellowish-green, cere enlarged into a tube-shape; Feet—yellowish-brown; lores and eyebrow are white; facial disc—grayish-brown with scattering tiny white spots; head is rounded and small with no “ear tufts”, has little white dots and larger pale yellow spots evenly spread out; nape has a yellowish-brown ring with a pair of black dots that appears as false eye pattern; back is brown with yellowish-brown horizontal lines; belly is primarily white, breast is barred with dark brown horizontal stripes, on sides of belly are irregular dark yellowish-brown vertical markings, undertail coverts are white. Habits： Collared Owlet is a fairly common resident in Taiwan, mainly nests in forests with vast open field or the edges of forests at mid-altitude. It is mostly active at night, but would sometimes appear in the morning. In the mountain field, the repeating two segments of flat tone: “shu—shu , shu—shu” or “hoo—hoo, hoo—hoo” are often heard at sundown, evening, or dusk; it feeds primarily on insects, small birds. It usually lays its eggs in tree holes, but sometimes would make use of the old nests of Black-browed Barbets and woodpeckers.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan27.htm中 名： 領角鴞 學 名： Otus Lettia 英 名： Collared Scops Owl 分 類： STRIGIFORMES 鴞形目 Strigidae 鴟鴞科 保育等級： 其他應予保育之野生動物 形態特徵： 領角鴞全長約19∼25公分，翼長約17公分。嘴鉛綠色；腳灰色；虹膜橙紅色，眼先、眉斑灰白色；顏盤灰黃色，有不規則之黑色斑紋，有一對突起之耳羽；背部大致灰褐色，有不明顯之黑色蟲蠹斑，後頸有土黃色斑，飛羽具有若干濃色闊橫帶；尾羽灰褐色，有暗褐色橫帶；腹面大致灰褐色，具有箭簇狀斑紋；頸部有灰白色橫帶，腹部中央白色；尾下覆羽灰白色，有黑色細斑。 生態習性： 領角鴞在台灣為終年可見的留鳥，普遍棲息於海拔1,200公尺以下之闊葉林，也常出現在人類聚落附近或市區公園的樹林中。領角鴞是目前較常在都會、郊區、公園、校園等仍有老樹殘存的環境中發現的貓頭鷹；人們對於貓頭鷹的印象，多半源於對領角鴞的認識，可說是典型的鄉土鳥種；在非繁殖期，可在更高的山區發現其蹤跡；夜間活動覓食，白天則在幽暗的樹枝上休息，不易發現；春夏季節晚間，常發出單調「不－不－」的鳴叫聲，冬季較少鳴叫。以獵捕昆蟲、小鳥和小型哺乳類為食。繁殖期為3∼5月，設巢於樹洞裡，每窩產蛋2∼5枚，白色，無光澤，形狀近乎圓形。 Name： Collared Scops Owl Scientific： Otus Lettia Class： STRIGIFORMES Strigidae Status： Vulnerable Description： Body length: about 19~25cm, wing length: about 17cm. Bill—lead-green; feet—gray; iris—orangy-red, lore and eyebrow are grayish-white; facial disc—grayish-yellow with irregular black markings and a pair of “ear tufts” protruding; back is primarily grayish-brown with indistinct black markings, nape has yellowish-brown spots, flight feather has several rich-coloured broad horizontal bands; tail is grayish-brown with dark brown horizontal stripes; belly is primarily grayish-brown with arrow-shaped markings; neck has grayish-white horizontal bands; a white line runs down in the center of belly; undertail covers are grayish-white with small black spots. Habits： Collared Scops Owl is a resident in Taiwan in all seasons. It usually nests in deciduous forests under 1,200 meters of altitude, and also appears in woods in city parks or townships. Collared Scops Owl is one of the owls that are frequently seen in old trees within cities, suburbs, parks, and schools; people’s impression of an owl comes mostly from Collared Scops Owlm, who is a classic type of country birds. In non-breeding seasons, its traces can be found at higher mountain areas; it preys at night and rests on shadowy branches in the morning that is difficult to observe. In spring and summer evenings, the monotonic call of “bu—bu—” are frequenly heard, but less likely in the winter. It preys on insects, little birds, and small mammals. From March to May is its breeding season where it nests in tree holes and lays two to five eggs in each nest. Eggs are white without luster and shape resembles a sphere.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird12201.htm中 名： 黃嘴角鴞 學 名： Otus spilocephalus 英 名： Mountain Scops Owl 分 類： STRIGIFORMES 鴞形目 Strigidae 鴟鴞科 保育等級： 其他應予保育之野生動物 形態特徵： 黃嘴角鴞全長約20公分，翼長約15公分。嘴黃褐色；腳肉黃色；眼黃色，眉斑灰褐色；顏盤黃褐色，邊緣有疏落的黑斑，具突起之角羽；頭頂至後頸淡褐色，雜有黑色斑點，後頸有乳白色頸輪；背部大致為淡棕色，有暗褐色及白色斑；翼上覆羽赤褐色，飛羽和尾羽褐色，有淡褐色或黃褐色闊橫斑；前頸黃白色，腹部灰褐色，有深色蟲蠹紋。 生態習性： 黃嘴角鴞棲息分佈於台灣的族群為台灣特有亞種，主要棲息於中、低海拔之闊葉林及針闊葉混合林中，族群數量不普遍。黃嘴角鴞通常單獨活動，沒有群聚的現象，晝伏夜出，會發出似「噓—、噓—」的雙音節叫聲；以林中的小型哺乳類動物及小鳥為獵食的對象。 Name： Mountain Scops Owl Scientific： Otus spilocephalus Class： STRIGIFORMES Strigidae Status： Vulnerable Description： Full body lenth: about 20cm, wing length: about 15cm. Bill—yellowish-brown; feet—yellow; eye—yellow, eyebrow—grayish brown; facial disc—yellowish brown with loose black spots at edges, and has protruding “ear tufts”; head to nape is light brown with black spots, a milky ring circles aroung the nape; back is primarily light brown with dark brown and white markings; primary coverts is rufous, flight feather and tail are brown with light brown or yellowish-brown broad horizontal bands; throat is yellowish-white and belly is grayish-brown with dark markings. Habits： Mountain Scops Owl is a subendemic in Taiwan, mainly nests in deciduous forests and coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forests at mid and low-altitude. It is not commonly found. It usually preys in solitary, not in groups, and makes the two-segmental sound like: “shu—shu—”, and feeds on small mammals and little birds.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird12207.htm中 名： 褐林鴞 學 名： Strix leptogrammica 英 名： Brown Wood Owl 分 類： STRIGIFORMES 鴞形目 Strigidae 鴟鴞科 保育等級： 瀕臨絕種保育類 形態特徵： 褐林鴞身長60公分，翼長41公分。嘴及臘膜鉛灰色，嘴基部較為蒼白；腳趾密布褐色及黃褐色羽毛；眼周圍黑色，向外漸淡成白色，眼先有黑色剛毛，眉斑白色；顏盤褐色，邊緣深赤褐色；背部大致深赤褐色，肩羽有淡色橫斑；翼面暗褐色，有褐色橫斑；腰部、尾上覆羽及尾羽褐色；喉部白色；腹面淡棕色，密佈暗褐色細橫斑。 生態習性： 褐林鴞在台灣族群數量極為稀少，甚少目擊記錄，主要棲息於中、高海拔之原始闊葉林、混交林之林緣或林內空曠地帶。褐林鴞通常晚間出來活動；聲音為低沉、恐怖、連續之「嗚、嗚、嗚」；聽覺敏銳，拍翅緩慢，飛行時無聲無息，有助於夜間在林中獵食，掠食小型哺乳類、鳥類、蜥蜴、蝙蝠、魚類、兩生類及昆蟲等。 Name： Brown Wood Owl Scientific： Strix leptogrammica Class： STRIGIFORMES Strigidae Status： Critically Endangered Description： Body length: 60cm, wing lengthe: 41cm. Bill and cere are lead-gray, bill base is paler; toes are covered in brown and yellowish-brown feather; around the eyes are black and fades into white outwards, lore has black bristle, eyebrow—white; facial disc—brown with dark rufrous edges; back is mainly dark rufrous, mantle has light horizontal stripes; coverts are dark brown with brown horizontal markings; sides of belly, uppertail coverts and tail are brown; throat—white, belly—light brown with dark brown thin horizontal lines. Habits： Brown Wood Owl is very rare in Taiwan, very few records have ever been made. It mainly nests in open field or edges of deciduous forests and coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forests at mid and high altitudes. It is active at night; making low and terrifying sound of “woo, woo, woo” continuously; it has a sensitive sense of hearing, flutter its wings slowly and does not make a sound in flight, which is helpful when preying in the woods at night. It preys on small mammals, birds, lizards, bats, fishes, amphibians, and insects, etc.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird12204.htm中 名： 灰林鴞 學 名： Strix aluco 英 名： Tawny Owl 分 類： STRIGIFORMES 鴞形目 Strigidae 鴟鴞科 保育等級： 瀕臨絕種保育類 形態特徵： 灰林鴞全長約40∼46公分，翼長約28公分。嘴淺粉綠色；腳黃褐色；眉斑白色；顏盤褐色，周邊由黑斑連成似切半蘋果的形狀；頭頂至後頸深黃褐色，有黑色斑點；背部大致為黑褐色，飛羽有淡褐闊橫帶；肩羽赤褐色，外側白色，帶有黑褐色橫斑；尾羽褐色，有淡色或白色橫紋；喉部白色；胸、腹部黃褐色，有明顯之黑褐色箭簇狀橫斑。 生態習性： 灰林鴞在台灣為稀有留鳥，族群數量甚少，記錄上多為鳴聲，甚少目擊記錄。棲息於低海拔至海拔2,500公尺左右的原始闊葉林中。灰林鴞為夜行性，但偶而也在陰暗的白天出來活動；掠食在地上活動的小型哺乳類、昆蟲和鳥類。 Name： Tawny Owl Scientific： Strix aluco Class： STRIGIFORMES Strigidae Status： Critically Endangered Description： Full length: about 40~46cm, wing length: about 28cm. Bill—light whitish-green; eyebrow—white; facial disc—brown with black spots around it, connecting into a shape like the crosssection of an apple; head to naps is dark yellowish-brown with dark markings; back is balck-brown, flight feather has a thick light brown horizontal band; mantle is rufrous with white edges and black-brown horizontal markings; tail is brown with pale or white horizontal stripes; throat is white; breast, belly are yellowish-brown with distinct black-brown arrow-shaped horizontal bands. Habits： Tawny Owl is a rare resident in Taiwan, with a small quantity of parties, recorded mostly from sounds that it makes rather than direct observations. It nests in primitive deciduous forests at low altitude to around 2,500 meter. It is active at night but would sometimes appear in gloomy mornings; ir preys small land mammals, insects, and birds.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird12201.htm中 名： 小雨燕 學 名： Apus affinis 英 名： House Swift 分 類： APODIFORMES 雨燕目 Apodidae 雨燕科 形態特徵： 小雨燕全長約14公分，全身大致為黑褐色，喉和腰白色，尾羽不分叉而向內凹。嘴寬闊以利飛行捕食。 生態習性： 小雨燕是台灣普遍留鳥。通常平原至高山之空中。，喜於岩壁、洞穴或橋樑集群穿梭飛翔，鳴聲特別嘹亮，發出「茲－茲－茲－」之聲，甚為吵雜。 Name： House Swift Scientific： Apus affinis Class： APODIFORMES Apodidae Status： Common Description： Full body length is about 14cm, and plumage is primarily black-brown, throat and rump are white, tail is not forked and cocaves inward. Large bill is advantageous for preying in flight. Habits： House Swift is a common resident in Taiwan, usually found in the sky of plains or high mountains. It likes to shuttle in between rocky cliffs, caves, or bridges in groups. It makes the resonant and loud scream of “zi—zi—zi—”.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird14801.htm中 名： 白喉針尾雨燕 學 名： Hirundapus caudacutus 英 名： White-throated Needle-tail 分 類： APODIFORMES 雨燕目 Apodidae 雨燕科 形態特徵： 白喉針尾雨燕是大型雨燕，全長約20公分。全身近黑色。背及翼暗灰褐色而有光澤，背至腰為銀白色，三級飛羽末端有白斑，腹面及翼下灰褐色，喉及尾下覆羽白色；尾羽末端羽軸突出似針狀。 生態習性： 白喉針尾雨燕與另一種灰喉針尾雨燕(H. cochinchinese)極相似，在台灣的分布狀況均不明確，前者可能為過境鳥，後者可能是留鳥。通常出現於中、高海拔山區之高空，善於低空飛和垂直起飛再降至草尖的高度。飛行疾速，會發出「咻」之聲。 Name： White-throated Needle-tail Scientific： Hirundapus caudacutus Class： APODIFORMES Apodidae Status： Common Description： White-throated Needle-tail is a large swift, body length is 20cm. Plumage is close to black. Back and coverts are dark grayish-brown with luster, back to rump are silvery white, the tip of tertials are white-spotted, belly and under coverts are grayish-brown, throat and undertail coverts are white; tip of tail protrudes out as neddle-like. Habits： White-throated Needle-tail is very similar to another type of swift: Silver-backed Needle-tail, and it is still unknown for their distribution in Taiwan. White-throated Needle-tail might be a migrating bird and Silver-backed Needle-tail can be a resident. It usually appears in the sky at mid and high altitudes, and is good at flyover at low altitudes and take off vertically then descents to the level of grass height. It flies very rapidly and makes the sound of “shu”.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird14801.htm中 名： 五色鳥 學 名： Megalaima oorti 英 名： Black-browed Barbet 分 類： PICIFORMES 鴷形目 Megalaimidae 擬啄木鳥科 (Capitonidae 五色鳥科) 形態特徵： 五色鳥全身大部分為綠色，全長約20公分，嘴粗厚，黑色，腳鉛灰色。頭部為藍色，額及喉黃色，眉斑黑色，眼先有紅色斑點，頸側亦有紅斑。後頸及身體背部鮮綠色，腹面黃綠色。 生態習性： 五色鳥是台灣特有亞種留鳥。出現於中、低海拔之闊葉林及濃密之次生林之中、上層。翅短，飛行能力不佳。羽色鮮綠，在樹叢中具保護色，不易被發現。常發出沉重、單調似「郭、郭郭郭•••」之喉音。 Name： Black-browed Barbet Scientific： Megalaima oorti Class： PICIFORMES Megalaimidae (Capitonidae) Status： Common Description： Black-browed Barbet is mostly green, body length is about 20cm, bill—black and thick, feet—lead-gray. Head—blue, forehead and throat—yellow, eyebrow—black, lore and sides of neck are red-spotted. Nape and back are bright green, belly is yellowish-green. Habits： Black-browed Barbet is a subendemic resident in Taiwan. It occurs in deciduous forests and mid and top layers of secondary forests at mid and low altitudes. It has short wings and poor flying abilities. Plumage is bright green, which functions as camouflage when hiding in bushes. It often makes deep and monotonic sound: “guo, guoguoguo…” from its throat.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird11901.htm中 名： 小啄木 學 名： Dendrocopos canicapillus 英 名： Gray-headed Pygmy Woodpecker 分 類： PICIFORMES 鴷形目 Picidae 啄木鳥科 形態特徵： 小啄木是具有黑白色雜紋的小型啄木鳥。雄鳥背面大致為黑色，頭上略帶灰色，眼後至頭側有不明顯之紅色小斑點，背及腰密布白色橫斑；尾羽外側白色，有黑褐色橫斑。雌鳥大致似雄鳥，但後頭兩側無紅色斑點。 生態習性： 小啄木是台灣的留鳥。出現於中、低海拔之闊葉林及針葉林中。常以螺旋方式於樹幹上攀爬。常發出單調「嗶、嗶、嗶」之尖銳聲 Name： Gray-headed Pygmy Woodpecker Scientific： Dendrocopos canicapillus Class： PICIFORMES 鴷形目 Picidae 啄木鳥科 Status： Common Description： Gray-headed Pygmy Woodpecker is a small woodpecker with black and white mixed spots. Male: back is mostly black, head is slightly gray, behind eyes and ear coverts have indistinct red spots, back and rump are barred with white horizontal stripes; outer tail is white with black-brown horizontal bands. Female: similar to males but nape does not have red spots. Habits： Gray-headed Pygmy Woodpecker is a resident in Taiwan. It appears in deciduous forests and coniferous forests at low altitudes. It often climbs onto tree branches in a spiral. It makes the monotonic sharp calls of “bi, bi, bi” frequently.中 名： 大赤啄木（白背啄木） 學 名： Dendrocopos leucotos 英 名： White-backed Woodpecker 分 類： PICIFORMES 鴷形目 Picidae 啄木鳥科 保育等級： 珍貴稀有保育類 形態特徵： 大赤啄木全長約25公分，翼長約12∼14公分。雄鳥：前額乳白色，頭頂紅色，後頭至背部黑色，翼有白色橫斑，尾羽外側有白色橫斑；腰白色，雜有黑色細斑；臉頰乳白色，喉至頸部白色，自嘴基部經頸側至胸前有黑色縱走線，甚為醒目；腹面大致黃白色，體側有黑色縱斑；下腹部至尾下覆羽紅色。雌鳥：大致似雄鳥，但頭頂黑色。 生態習性： 大赤啄木為台灣特有亞種，主要棲息於中、高海拔之原始林內。大赤啄木常攀爬於樹幹或枯枝上，搜尋樹皮縫或腐木中之昆蟲，啄食時，多以尾羽抵在樹幹上支橕身體，然後用嘴快速敲啄。 Name： White-backed Woodpecker Scientific： Dendrocopos leucotos Class： PICIFORMES Picidae Status： Endangered Description： Body length—about 25cm, wing length—about 12~14cm. Male: crown is milky white, head to back is black, wings have white horizontal bands, outer tail also has white horizontal stripes; rump is white with black little spots; Ear coverts are white, throat to neck are white, from base of bill through sides of neck towards breast has black vertical lines that are quite distinct; Belly is parimarily yellowish-white, sides of body has black vertical markings; below belly to undertail coverts are red. Female: similar to males except that its crown is black. Habits： White-backed Woodpecker is a subendemic species in Taiwan, mainly nests in forests at mid and high altitudes. It often climbs up tree branches or dead woods to look for insects between barks or rotten woods. When it pecks, it supports its body by pushing its tail against branches, then use its bill to peck rapidly.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan9.htm中 名： 綠啄木 學 名： Picus canus 英 名： Grey-headed Woodpecker 分 類： PICIFORMES 鴷形目 Picidae 啄木鳥科 保育等級： 珍貴稀有保育類 形態特徵： 綠啄木全長約26∼30公分，翼長約14公分。雄鳥：過眼線、腮線黑色；頭部灰色，額至前頭紅色，頭頂至後頭有黑色細縱斑；背部大致黃綠色，尾羽外側有黑色橫斑；飛羽黑色，有白色細斑點；腹面淡黃綠色。雌鳥：大致似雄鳥，但前額及頭灰色 生態習性： 綠啄木棲息於中、高海拔之闊葉林、針闊混合林及針葉林之中。綠啄木多活動於樹幹或高大樹木的枯枝上，會發出「叩、叩、叩」的宏亮敲擊聲；以螞蟻、腐木或樹皮間的昆蟲等為主食。 Name： Grey-headed Woodpecker Scientific： Picus canus Class： PICIFORMES Picidae Status： Endangered Description： Body length—about 26~30cm, wing length—about 14cm. Male: Through eye line and ear covert line are black; head is gray, forehead to head are red, crown to nape has black thin vertical spots; back is primarily yellowish-green, outer tail has black horizontal stripes; flight feathers are black with white little spots; belly is light yellowish-green. Female: similar to makes, but forehead and head are gray. Habits： Grey-headed Woodpecker nests in deciduous forests, coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forests, and coniferous forests at mid and high altitudes. Ir usually stands on tree branches or dead wood of tall trees, making the loud knocking sound of “co-co-co”; it feeds primarily on ants, and insects between rotten woods and barks.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird11303.htm中 名： 毛腳燕 學 名： Delichon dasypus 英 名： Asian House Martin 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Hirundinidae 燕科 形態特徵： 毛腳燕全長約14公分。背面黑色而有銅藍色光澤，腰及尾上覆羽白色，尾黑，具淺叉狀。腹面灰白色，嘴黑，腳、趾密佈白絨羽。 生態習性： 毛腳燕通常出現於低、中海拔之上空或棲息於岩石、峭壁及橋面下方。冬季偶會出現於平原地帶，而夏季則會出現於高海拔山區的上空。 Name： Asian House Martin Scientific： Delichon dasypus Class： PASSERIFORMES Hirundinidae Status： Common Description： Body length is about 14cm. Back is black with metallic-blue luster, rump and uppertail coverts are white, tail is black with a shallow fork. Belly is grayish-white, bill—black, feet and toes are covered in white feathers. Habits： Asian House Martin often appears in the sky or rests on rocks, cliffs, and under bridges at low and mid altitudes. In winter it would sometimes occur in plains, and in summer it would appear in the sky of high altitude mountains.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird14701.htm中 名： 家燕 學 名： Hiurndo rustica 英 名： Barn Swallow 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Hirundinidae 燕科 形態特徵： 家燕長約20公分。背面黑色而有灰藍色光澤，前額紅褐色，尾羽分叉甚深。喉部紅褐色，由上胸有一藍黑色環帶圍成一圈；腹部白色。尾羽下面有半月形白斑。與洋燕的區別在腹部較白，及其上胸之藍黑色環帶。 生態習性： 普遍的夏候鳥，少部分為留鳥。常大群出現於低海拔之空中或電線上。夜間則棲息於甘蔗園或電線上。 Name： Barn Swallow Scientific： Hiurndo rustica Class： PASSERIFORMES Hirundinidae Status： Common Description： Length is about 20cm. Back is black with grayish-blue luster, forehead is rufous, has a deeply forked tail. Throat is rufous, a blueish-black band encircles the neck from upper-breast; belly is white. Under the tail are cresent shaped white markings. It differs from Pacific Swallow in that Barn Swallow has a whiter belly and a blueish-black collar. Habits： Barn Swallow is a common summer migrating bird, very few are residents. It often appears in large groups in the sky or on wires at low altitudes. At night it rests in sugar cane farm or on wires.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird14701.htm中 名： 洋燕 學 名： Hirundo tahitica 英 名： Pacific Swallow 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Hirundinidae 燕科 形態特徵： 洋燕身長約13公分。背面黑色而有銅藍色光澤，前額鏽紅色；尾短，略為分叉。頰、喉至前胸鏽紅色，胸至腹為漸淡之灰褐色。尾下覆羽，有白色鱗狀斑紋；尾羽下面有白斑。 生態習性： 洋燕是台灣常見的留鳥及夏候鳥。通常出現於平地至低海拔之空中或電線上。 Name： Pacific Swallow Scientific： Hirundo tahitica Class： PASSERIFORMES Hirundinidae Status： Common Description： Body length is about 13cm. Back is black with metallic-blue luster, forehead is rust-red; short and slightly forked tail. Ear coverts, throat, to upper-breast are rust-red, breast ro belly turns into grayish-brown. Undertail coverts has white scale-like markings; under the tail are white spots. Habits： Pacific Swallow is a common resident and summer migrating bird. It often appears in the sky or on wires at low-altitudes or level ground.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird14701.htm中 名： 花翅山椒鳥 學 名： Coracina novaehollandiae 英 名： Black-faced Cuckoo-Shrike 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Campephagidae 山椒鳥科 保育等級： 珍貴稀有保育類 形態特徵： 花翅山椒鳥全長約29公分，翼長約17公分。嘴、腳黑色。雄鳥：全身由黑色及灰色組成，由前額、臉部至頸側及喉至前頸為黑色；初級飛羽黑色而有光澤，其餘飛羽與背部同為灰色；尾羽黑色，末端有白斑，尾下覆羽白色；飛行時，腰及尾上覆羽羽色較淡，次級飛羽末端有白色細羽緣。雌鳥：除眼先、耳羽、飛羽、尾羽黑色外，其餘為灰色，腹部羽色稍淡，有不明顯的暗色斑。 生態習性： 花翅山椒鳥在台灣為稀有留鳥，多發現於中、低海沷較原始的闊葉林或針、闊葉混合林中。花翅山椒鳥通常單獨或成小群在樹冠層活動，較少到森林底層或地面。以昆蟲為主食。 Name： Black-faced Cuckoo-Shrike Scientific： Coracina novaehollandiae Class： PASSERIFORMES Campephagidae Status： Critically Endangered Description： Body length—about 29cm, wing length—about 17cm. bill and feet are black. Male: plumage is made up of black and gray colour, from forehead, face, to sides of neck and throat to neck are black; Primaries are black with white markings at tips, undertail coverts are white; in flight, rump and uppertail coverts are paler, secondaries has white thin edges. Females: other than lores, ear coverts, flight feather, tail are black, the rest is gray, and belly is paler with indistinct dark spots. Habits： Black-faced Cuckoo-Shrike is a rare resident in Taiwan, mostly found in primitive deciduous forests or coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forests at low altitudes. It usually lives in solitary or in small groups at the level of tree-crown, rarely at the bottom layer of forests or on the gound. It feeds on insects primarily.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird10801.htm中 名： 灰喉山椒鳥（紅山椒鳥） 學 名： Pericrocotus solaris 英 名： Gray-chinned Minivet 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Campephagidae 山椒鳥科 保育等級： 其他應予保育之野生動物 形態特徵： 灰喉山椒鳥全長約18公分，翼長約8公分。嘴、腳黑色。雄鳥：紅黑相間的小型鳥，背面大致為黑色，飛羽有橙紅色斑，飛行時形成粗大翼帶；腰部至尾羽橙紅色，尾羽中央2根及基部黑色；頰、頸鼠灰色；喉部灰白色；腹面橙紅色。雌鳥：背面大致暗鼠灰色，飛羽黑色，有黃斑，飛行形成粗大翼帶；腰至尾上覆羽黃色；尾羽黃色，中央2根及基部黑色；頰、頸暗鼠灰色，喉部灰白色；腹面黃色。亞成鳥之雄鳥：羽色大致似雌鳥之成鳥，但腰部略帶橙紅色。 生態習性： 灰喉山椒鳥在台灣為普遍的留鳥，主要棲息於中、低海拔之闊葉林中。常成群與小卷尾一同活動，有時可多達五、六十隻飛翔於樹冠層，飛行時會發出尖細似「咻－咻－」的聲音；以昆蟲為主食，會在樹枝末梢或空中定點鼓翼，飛啄枝葉上的昆蟲。繁殖期為4∼7月，以苔蘚、地錢、地衣在樹枝上築成精緻的杯形巢，一窩產3∼4枚蛋。 Name： Gray-chinned Minivet Scientific： Pericrocotus solaris Class： PASSERIFORMES Campephagidae Status： Vulnerable Description： Body length—about 18cm, wing length—about 8cm. Bill and feet are black. Male: red and black interchanging small-sized bird, back is black, flight feather has orangy-red maekings, in flight it forms a large covert band; rump to tail is orangy-red, the central two feathers and the base are black; ear coverts and neck are gray; throat—grayish-white; belly—orangy-red. Females: back is primarily gray, flight feather—black with yellow dots, in flight forms a broad covert band; rump to uppertail are yellow; tail is yellow, the two centered tails and base are black; ear coverts, neck are dark gray; belly—yellow. Male juvenile—similar to female adults, but rump is slight orangy-red. Habits： Gray-chinned Minivet is a common resident in Taiwan, mainly rests in deciduous forests at mid and low altitudes. It ofthen form little groups and at most fifty to sixty of them would fly at the level of tree-crown, and makes the sharp sound of “shu—shu—” in flight. It feeds primarily on insects, and would flap its wings on ends of branches or at a set point in the sky, and snatches insects during flight. Its breeding season is from April to July, and builds its nest out of moss, hepatica, and lichen, forming a delicate cup-shaped nest that contains 3 to 4 eggs.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan20.htm中 名： 小卷尾(山烏秋) 學 名： Dicrurus aeneus 英 名： Bronzed Drongo 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Dicruridae 卷尾科 形態特徵： 小卷尾全長約25公分。全身黑色而有藍綠色光澤，尾羽長，末端較寬，具分叉。初級飛羽羽緣及腹以下羽色略淡。體型較大卷尾小。 生態習性： 小卷尾是台灣特有亞種留鳥。通常單獨或成小群出現於中、低海拔之闊葉林地帶，常發出嘹亮、婉轉富變化似「九、九、九」或「喂、喂、喂、總機－」之哨聲。喜停棲於樹梢或電線上，常混於紅山椒鳥群中。 Name： Bronzed Drongo Scientific： Dicrurus aeneus Class： PASSERIFORMES Dicruridae Status： Common Description： Body length is about 25cm. Plumage is black with turquoise luster, long forked tail that has wider tips. Edges of primaries and feathers below belly are lighter. Bronzed Drongo’s body size is smaller than Black Drongo. Habits： Bronzed Drongo is a subendemic resident in Taiwan. It usually appears in solitary or in small groups at deciduous forests in mid and low altitudes, making the loud and varied calls like: “jo, jo, jo” or “wei, wei, wei, zong-ji”. It likes to rest on branches and wires, and often blends in with groups of Gray-chinned Minivet.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird13701.htm中 名： 巨嘴鴉 學 名： Corvus macrorhynchos 英 名： Large-billed Crow 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Corvidae 鴉科 形態特徵： 巨嘴鴉身長約53公分。嘴粗厚、大呈黑色，腳及趾黑色，剛毛亦長。全身黑色而有紫色或綠色光澤，腹面羽色略淡。 生態習性： 巨嘴鴉是台灣山區遍的留鳥。通常單獨或成小群出現於低至高海拔樹林地帶，冬季會移棲到較低海拔山區。性機警，常停棲於視野廣闊之高枝上。飛行時，振翅緩慢、平穩，呈直線飛行。雜食性，喜啄食人們丟棄之食物，尤以喜好腐肉。常發出枯燥似「啊－啊－」之連續聲。 Name： Large-billed Crow Scientific： Corvus macrorhynchos Class： PASSERIFORMES Corvidae Status： Common Description： Body length is about 53cm. Thick and heavy bill is mostly black, feet and toes are black with bristles. Plumage is black with purple or green luster, and belly is slightly paler. Habits： Large-billed Crow is a common resident at mountain ranges of Taiwan. It usually appears in solitude or in small groups in forests at low to high altitudes. It is alert and often stops on high branches that have a good field of view. In flight, it flaps its wings slowly and steadily, flying in a straight line. It is polyphagia, likes to pick at discarded food from human, especially spoiled meet. It makes the continuous monotonous sound like “a—a—”.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird14301.htm中 名： 樹鵲 學 名： Dendrocitta formosae 英 名： Gray Tree-pie 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Corvidae 鴉科 形態特徵： 樹鵲全長約34公分。額黑色，頭頂至後頸鼠灰色；翅膀黑色，有白色翼斑。腰、尾上覆羽灰色；尾長，黑色。喉部至上胸暗栗褐色，胸及腹側灰褐色，腹中央污白色，尾下覆橙褐色 生態習性： 樹鵲是台灣特有亞種留鳥。通常單獨或成小群出現於平地樹林至中海拔之闊葉林上層。警覺性高。飛行時，振翅幅度大，呈波浪狀。以昆蟲、植物之果實為主食。常發出短促沙啞似「嘎兒－葛哩哦」之喉音或「嘎、嘎、嘎、嘎－」之聲。 Name： Gray Tree-pie Scientific： Dendrocitta formosae Class： PASSERIFORMES Corvidae Status： Common Description： Body length is about 34cm. Forehead—black, crown to nape—gray, wings—black with white spots. Rump, uppertail coverts are gray; long black tail. Throat to upper-breast—brown, breast to sides of belly—grayih-brown, center of belly—grayish-white; undertail coverts—orangy-brown. Habits： Gray Tree-pie is a subendemic resident in Taiwan. It usually appears in level-grounded forests and upper layer of deciduoud forests at mid-altitude. In flight, wings flap in a large range, appearing a wavy pattern. It feeds on insects and fruits from plants primarily. It makes short and throaty voice such as “gaer—geliwo” or “ga, ga, ga, ga—”.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird14301.htm中 名： 松鴉（橿鳥） 學 名： Garrulus glandarius 英 名： Eurasian Jay 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Corvidae 鴉科 保育等級： 其他應予保育類 形態特徵： 松鴉全長約33公分。嘴灰青色，先端黑色；腳黃褐色；全身大致粉紅褐色；前額及顎線黑色，粗而醒目；喉部羽色較淡；背及肩部羽色較暗；飛羽黑色，有白、淡藍、黑三色相間之橫斑；尾上、尾下覆羽白色；尾羽黑色，基部有灰藍色橫斑。 生態習性： 松鴉棲息分佈在台灣的族群為台灣特有亞種，通常單獨或成小群出現於中、高海拔之闊葉林。松鴉警覺性不高；以植物之果實為主食，也會攝取動物性食物，有貯食的習性；常發出粗啞似「嘎－嘎－嘎－」的聲音，有時亦會發出清脆似「啾－啾－啾－」的聲音，而且還會模仿其他鳥種的鳴叫聲。 Name： Eurasian Jay Scientific： Garrulus glandarius Class： PASSERIFORMES Corvidae Status： Vulnerable Description： Full body length is about 33cm. Bill: grayish-green with black tip; feet is yellowish-borwn; plumage is mostly whitish-rufous; forehead and jaw-line are black, appearing thick and distinct; throat is paler; back and mantle are darker; flight feather is black, with white, light blue, and black alternating horizontal stripes; both upper- and undertail coverts are white; tail is black with grayish-blue horizontal bands at the base. Habits： Eurasian Jay distributes in Taiwan as a subendemic species, usually appear in solitary or in small groups in deciduous forests at mid to high altitudes. Eurasian Jay is incautious; feeds on fruits mostly and would sometimes consume animals, has the habit of storing food. It often makes raucous sound like: “ga—ga—ga—”, occasionally it also makes clear and melodious calls like: “chu—chu—chu—”, and would mimic calls of other speices of birds.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird14303.htm中 名： 星鴉 學 名： Nucifraga caryocatactes 英 名： Spotted Nutcracker 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Corvidae 鴉科 形態特徵： 星鴉全長約34公分。全身大致為暗褐色普密佈白色斑點。尾下覆羽及尾上覆羽外側末端白色，飛行時甚為醒目。 生態習性： 星鴉是台特有亞種的留鳥。通常單獨或成小群出現於中、高海拔之針葉林中。喜停棲於大枯木、松樹或杉樹頂，有貯藏食物的習性。 Name： Spotted Nutcracker Scientific： Nucifraga caryocatactes Class： PASSERIFORMES Corvidae Status： Common Description： Full body length is about 34cm. Plumage is mostly dark brown and spotted white. The edges of under- and uppertail coverts are white, which can be shown very distinctly in flight. Habits： Spotted Nutcracker is a subendemic resident in Taiwan. It usually appears in solitary or in small groups in coniferous forests at mid and high altitudes. It likes to rest at large dead woods, treetops of fir or pine tree, and has the tendency of storing food.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird14303.htm中 名： 台灣藍鵲（長尾山娘） 學 名： Urocissa caerulea 英 名： Formosan Blue Magpie 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Corvidae 鴉科 保育等級： 珍貴稀有保育類 形態特徵： 台灣藍鵲全長約65公分，翼長約18∼21公分，尾長約40公分。嘴、腳紅色；眼黃色；頭至頸部、胸部黑色；全身大致為藍色，下腹羽色略淡，飛羽末端有白斑；尾下覆羽白色；尾羽甚長，末端白色，除中央2根外，其餘尾羽中段黑色。 生態習性： 台灣藍鵲是台灣特有種鳥類，主要棲息於中、低海拔之闊葉林及次生林中。台灣藍鵲性群棲、兇悍，喜喧嘩，有攻擊其他鳥種之習性，常成群直線飛行，甚為壯觀；以植物之果實為食，也會捕食其他鳥類、兩棲類、昆蟲及其他小型哺乳類。繁殖期為4∼8月，築巢於樹冠之橫枝上，以樹枝、細藤和雜草築成淺碟形的巢，每窩產4∼6個蛋，孵卵和育雛通常由親鳥及同群其他成員共同參與，這種現象是鳥類中極為特殊的幫手制度。 Name： Formosan Blue Magpie Scientific： Urocissa caerulea Class： PASSERIFORMES Corvidae Status： Endangered Description： Body length—about 65cm; wing length—about 18~21cm, tail—about 40cm. Bill and feet are red; eyes—yellow; head to neck and breast are black; plumage is mostly blue, lighter at the belly, and flight feathers are spotted white at tips; undertail coverts are white; tail is long and tipped white, other than the central two feathers are white, the rest of tail is black in the middle segment. Habits： Formosan Blue Magpie is an endemic species in Taiwan, who mainly nests in deciduous forests and secondary forests at low and mid-altitudes. It is gregarious, fierce, boisterous, and aggressive towards other species. It often flies linearly in large groups, that being described as a spectacle; it feeds on fruits primarily and also preys on other birds, amphibians, insects, and small mammals. Its breeding season is between April to August, and it builds its nest using tree branches, thin vines, and weeds on top of branches at tree-corwn, making a shallow plate-like nest. Each nest has four to six eggs, brooding and breeding are taken part by parents and also other flight members. This “social breeder” behaviour is very rarely seen in bird species.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan.htm中 名： 紅頭山雀（紅頭長尾山雀） 學 名： Aegithalos concinnus 英 名： Red-headed Tit 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Aegithalidae 長尾山雀科 保育等級： 其他應予保育類 形態特徵： 紅頭山雀全長約10公分，翼長約5公分。過眼線黑色，甚粗且長，延伸至後頸側；頭至後頸栗紅色；背部大致為暗灰色，飛羽羽緣灰黑色，尾羽外側末端白色；腰淡紅褐色；腹面大致白色，喉有墨色粗斑，胸有栗紅色橫帶，體側及尾下覆羽栗紅色。亞成鳥：羽色大致似成鳥，但喉部無黑斑，下頸部有黑色橫帶，胸無栗紅色橫帶。 生態習性： 紅頭山雀在台灣是普遍的留鳥，棲息於中、低海拔山區。紅頭山雀喜群居，會和青背山雀、棕面鶯、山紅頭、冠羽畫眉等混群，喜倒吊在枝椏上啄食昆蟲，活潑好動，邊在枝椏間跳躍覓食邊細聲吱叫，會突然間整群依次快速換樹覓食；主食昆蟲，也吃果實、草籽。繁殖期為3∼5月，以苔蘚、細草、植物纖維在樹頂或竹林密織囊狀巢。 Name： Red-headed Tit Scientific： Aegithalos concinnus Class： PASSERIFORMES Aegithalidae Status： Vulnerable Description： Body length—about 10cm, wing length—5cm. Eyeline—black, thick and long, extends towards nape; head to nape is red; back is primarily dark gray, the edge of flight feathers is gray, outer tail feathers are tipped white; rump is light rufous; belly is mostly white, throat has a thick dark gray marking; breast has a red horizontal band, sides of body and undertail coverts are red. Juvenile: plumage is similar to adults but throat does not have black dots, below neck is a black horizontal band, and breast does not have any red horizontal stripe. Habits： Red-headed Tit is a common resident in Taiwan, nesting at low and mid-altitudes. It is gregarious, and also blends into groups of Green-backed Tit, Rufous-faced Warbler, Rufous-capped Babbler, Taiwab Yuhina and so on. It likes to hang up-side-down from tree branches to peck on insects, and would call softly while hopping around branches; and flights of them would rapidly change trees accordingly while seeking food. It preys on insects primarily, and also consumes fruits and seeds. Its breeding season is from March to May, and would use moss, thin weeds, and plant fibers to thread a pouch-like nest at treetops or bamboo forests.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan24.htm中 名： 煤山雀 學 名： Parus ater 英 名： Coal Tit 分 類： PASSERIFORMAE 雀形目 Paridae 山雀科 保育等級： 其他應予保育類 形態特徵： 煤山雀全長約10公分，翼長約6公分。嘴、腳鉛灰色；胸部以上黑色，有冠羽；眼下、頰至耳羽成一大型白色斑塊；後頸中央白色；背部大致灰藍色；飛羽及尾羽黑褐色，飛羽有兩條明顯之翼帶；下胸淡灰褐色。 生態習性： 煤山雀棲息分佈在台灣的族群為台灣特有亞種，棲息於中、高海拔針葉林或針闊葉混和林。煤山雀為台灣山雀科鳥種中分布海拔最高者，多出現於海拔2,500∼3,700公尺之針葉林或混生林上層，有儲存食物的習性；性活潑好動，常單獨或成對活動，非繁殖期常成小群與火冠戴菊鳥、茶腹�L和紅頭山雀等混群；鳴聲輕快似「梯戚、梯戚－」。 Name： Coal Tit Scientific： Parus ater Class： PASSERIFORMAE Paridae Status： Vulnerable Description： Body length—about 10cm, wing length—about 6cm. Bill and feet are gray; above breast is black, has crown feathers; below eyes, cheeks, to ear coverts is a large white spot; the center of nape is white; back is primarily grayish-blue; flight feathers and tail are black-brown, flight feathers have two distinct wing bands; below breast is light grayish-brown. Habits： Coal Tit distributes in Taiwan as a subendemic species, nests in coniferous forests and coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forests at mid and high altitudes. It is the most numerous species at high altitudes in Taiwan, mostly occurs in 2,500~3,700 meters of altitudes; has a habit of storing food; often active alone or in pairs. In non-breeding seasons, it often groups with Flame Crest, Eurasian Nuthatch, and Black-throated Tit, etc; its produces a quick and lively note like: “tiqi, tiqi—”.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan15.htm中 名： 黃山雀 學 名： Parus holsti 英 名： Formosan Yellow Tit 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Paridae 山雀科 保育等級： 珍貴稀有保育類 形態特徵： 黃山雀全長約13公分，翼長約7.5公分。嘴、腳鉛灰色；雄鳥：頭上至後頸黑色，有冠羽，冠下及後頸中央白色；背部暗灰綠色；飛羽黑色，羽緣藍灰色；尾羽灰黑色，外側藍白色；臉部及腹面黃色；肛門周圍黑色；尾下覆羽黃白色。雌鳥：羽色大致似雄鳥，但下覆羽色較淡，肛門周圍非黑色。 生態習性： 黃山雀是台灣特有種鳥類。黃山雀常單獨或成對混群於其他畫眉科和山雀科鳥類中；聲音輕快、悅耳而多變，如有「是誰－、是誰－」、「自己的、自己的」及「急降－急降－」等；以昆蟲為主食。繁殖期為4∼7月，以枯葉、獸毛築巢於大樹上的天然樹洞中，巢碗狀，每窩產3∼4枚蛋。 Name： Formosan Yellow Tit Scientific： Parus holsti Class： PASSERIFORMES Paridae Status： Endangered Description： Body length—about 13cm, wing length—about 6.5cm. Bill and feet are gray. Male: head to nape are black, has crown, behind crown and nape are white centered; back is dark grayish-green; flight feathers are black with blueish-gray edges; tail is dark gray with whitish-blue outer edges; face and belly are yellow; around anus is black; undertail coverts are yellowish-white. Female: plumage is similar to males, except that underwing coverts are paler and around anus isn’t black. Habits： Formosan Yellow Tit is an endemic species in Taiwan. It is usually active in solitary or in pairs, blending with other birds from Subfamily Timalinae and Family Paridae. Its voice is quick and resonant, melodious and varied, sounding like: “shishei—shishei—”, “zijide, zijide”, and “jijiang—jijiang—”. It feeds on insects primarily. At breeding season between April and July, it builds its bow-shaped nest using dried leaves and fur in a natural treehole, each nest contains about 3 to 4 eggs.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan2.htm中 名： 青背山雀 學 名： Parus monticolus 英 名： Green-backed Tit 分 類： PASSERIFORMAE 雀形目 Paridae 山雀科 保育等級： 其他應予保育類 形態特徵： 青背山雀全長約12公分，翼長約6.5公分。嘴黑色；腳鉛色；雄鳥：頭部藍黑色，有光澤，頰、耳羽和後頸有白色斑；背部黃綠色；腰部及尾上覆羽灰色；飛羽黑褐色，外緣藍色，有二條白色橫紋；尾羽黑色，羽緣藍色；腹面亮黃色，中央有黑色縱帶。雌鳥：羽色大致似雄鳥，但腹面之黑色縱帶較窄且短。亞成鳥：羽色大致似雄鳥，但較灰而淡。 生態習性： 青背山雀棲息分佈在台灣的族群為台灣特有亞種，普遍棲息於海拔500∼2,500公尺山區森林內。青背山雀常單獨、成對或小群出現於樹林中、上層枝葉間，環境適應力強，甚至會在果園中活動；冬季會遷移至低海拔山區，有時甚至到低海拔平原渡冬，春季才漸漸移棲至高山繁殖；聲音輕快、悅耳而多變，如有「急、急－降－」、「啾－、啾－」及「居、居、居」等；以昆蟲、嫩芽、漿果等為食，生性活潑不怕人。 Name： Green-backed Tit Scientific： Parus monticolus Class： PASSERIFORMAE Paridae Status： Vulnerable Description： Body length: about 12cm, wing length: about 6.5cm. Bill—black; feet—mercury; male: head is blueish-black with luster, cheeks and ear coverts and nape are white-spotted; back is yellowish-green; rump and uppertail-coverts are grey; flight feathers are black-brown with blue edges and two white horizontal lines; tail is black with blue edges; belly is bright yellow with black central vertical stripe. Female: plumage is similar to males but the black vertical line at belly is narrower and shorter. Juvenile: plumage is similar to males but paler and has more gray. Habits： Green-backed Tit is a subendemic species in Taiwan, commonly nests in forests at 500~2,500 meter. It often appears in solitary, in pairs or small groups at middle and upper layers of forests. It is very adaptable to environments: would move around in orchards; in winter it would migrate to mountains at low altitude or occationally in plains, and returns back at higher altitudes to breed in spring. It makes light and quickly, melodious and varied calls like: “ji, ji—jiang—”, “chu—chu—”, and “gi, gi, gi”. It is very lively and not afraid of human; mainly feeds on insects, buds, and berries, etc.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan11.htm中 名： 赤腹山雀（雜色山雀） 學 名： Parus varius 英 名： Varied Tit 分 類： PASSERIFORMAE 雀形目 Paridae 山雀科 保育等級： 珍貴稀有保育類 形態特徵： 赤腹山雀全長約11公分，翼長約6公分。嘴黑色；腳暗青色；頭部至胸部大致為黑色，額、嘴基部、頰至頸側形成一白色斑塊，後頭至後頸中央白色；背部大致為鉛灰色；腹面栗褐色，非常鮮明醒目。 生態習性： 赤腹山雀棲息分佈在台灣的族群為台灣特有亞種，族群數量不普遍。赤腹山雀主要棲息於低海拔至中海拔300∼2,000公尺山區之闊葉林中，常與其他畫眉科、山雀科等鳥類混群活動，較其他山雀隱密害羞；多在樹林中、上層枝椏間覓食，繁殖期以昆蟲、蜘蛛等為主食，樟樹果實成熟的秋冬季節亦食漿果、種子等。 Name： Varied Tit Scientific： Parus varius Class： PASSERIFORMAE Paridae Status： Endangered Description： Body length: about 11cm, wing length: about 6cm. Bill—black; feet—dark green; head to breast—mostly black; forehead, bill base, cheeks to ear coverts connects into a white marking, hind-head to nape are white in the center; back is mostly grey; belly is a very bright and distinct brown. Habits： Varied Tit distributes in Taiwan as a subendemic species, who is not commonly found. It mainly nests in deciduous forests at low to mid altitudes around 300~2,000meters, and often blend with birds from Subfamily Timalinae and Family Paridae, and is more elusive than other tits. It frequently preys in middle and upper layers of forests, feeds on primarily insects and spiders in breeding season, and also eats berries and seeds in the winter-fall seasons when camphor tree’s fruits ripen.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird10101.htm中 名： 茶腹
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan12.htm中 名： 紋翼畫眉 學 名： Actinodura morrisoniana 英 名： Formosan Barwing 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Timalidae 畫眉科 屬 性： 台灣特有種鳥類 形態特徵： 紋翼畫眉全長約19公分，翼長約8公分。嘴黑褐色；腳肉色；頭部栗褐色；背部橄灰褐色；飛羽暗褐色，有褐色橫斑；尾羽黑褐色，基部有暗褐色橫斑；頸部、胸部橄灰褐色，雜有污白色縱斑；腹面栗褐色，雜有淡色縱紋。 生態習性： 喜在枝椏間跳躍，但動作不甚靈活，會在樹幹上走動；常和白耳畫眉、冠羽畫眉一起出現，但性安靜，不像白耳畫眉般咶噪，偶爾發出輕柔的「教、教」聲，但警戒時則會發出急促而粗啞似「架、架、架」的聲音；以昆蟲及果食為主食。 分 布： 主要棲息於中、高海拔之闊葉林或針、闊葉混合林中，冬季有降遷行為。 保育等級： 其他應予保育類 Name： Formosan Barwing Scientific： Actinodura morrisoniana Class： PASSERIFORMES Timalidae Status： Taiwan’s endemic species / Vulnerable Description： Full body length: about 19cm, wing length: about 8cm. Bill—black-brown; feet—pinkish; head—chestnut; back—grayish-brown; flight feathers—dark brown with brown horizontal markings; tail—black-brown with dark brown horizontal markings at the base; neck and breast are grayish-brown with grayish-white vertical lines; belly is Habits： It likes to shuffle among branches, but not very agilely. Often appears with White-eared Sibia and Taiwan Yuhina but it is not as noisy as White-eared Sibia. Voice is soft “jiao, jiao” but in alarm would produce a hurried and husky sound like: “jia, jia, jia”. Its main source of food are insects and fruits. Range： Mainly rests in deciduous forests and coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forests at mid and high altitudes, and has migrating behaviour in winter.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan6.htm中 名： 灰頭花翼 學 名： Aocippe cinereiceps 英 名： Streak-throaed Fulvetta 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Timalidae 畫眉科 屬 性： 台灣特有亞種 形態特徵： 灰頭花翼全長約12公分。頭至背部褐色，腰及尾上覆羽暗栗紅色，尾羽黃褐色，翅膀栗褐色，初級飛羽有灰白色細邊。眼睛周圍白色。眼先暗褐色。 生態習性： 常單獨或成小群出現於高海拔之針葉林、箭竹林或灌叢中。叫聲尖細似「?－?－」之雙音節。 分 布： 常見於海拔2500公尺以上山森林邊緣。 Name： Streak-throaed Fulvetta Scientific： Aocippe cinereiceps Class： PASSERIFORMES Timalidae Status： Taiwan’s subendemic species Description： Body length is about 12cm. Head to back is brown, rump and uppertail coverts are reddish-chestnut, tail is yellowish-brown, wings are chestnut-brown, primaries has grayish-white edges. Around eyes—white; lores—dark brown. Habits： It often appears in solitary or in small groups in coniferous forests, bamboo forests, or bushes at high altitudes. It makes a sharp and harsh double-segmented note like “zi—zi—”. Range： Commonly found at edges of forests above latitudes of 2500m.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird10304.htm中 名： 繡眼畫眉 學 名： Alcippemorrisonia 英 名： Gray-cheeked Fulvetta 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Timalidae 畫眉科 屬 性： 台灣特有亞種 形態特徵： 繡眼畫眉全長12公分。頭部至後頸、臉部灰色，眼周圍白色。背部灰褐色，腰部至尾羽前段呈黃褐色，喉及前胸灰白色，胸、腹部淡黃褐色，常發出急促「唧、唧、唧」之聲。 生態習性： 活動範圍甚廣，自草叢底層至樹林上層，常混於其他畫眉科鳥群中。 分 布： 通常成群出現於低至高海拔之樹林中。 Name： Gray-cheeked Fulvetta Scientific： Alcippemorrisonia Class： PASSERIFORMES Timalidae Status： Taiwan’s subendemic species Description： Body length is about 12cm. Head to nape and face are gray, around eyes are white. Back is grayish-brown, rump to fore-tail is yellowish-brown, throat to upper-breast is grayish-white, breast and belly are light yellowish-brown. It often makes the rushing “ji, ji, ji” sound. Habits： Large active ground, from the bottom of brushwood to the top layer of forests. It blends in with other fulvetta frequently. Range： Often appears in forests at low to high altitudes.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan18.htm中 名： 白喉噪眉（白喉笑鶇） 學 名： Garrulax albogularis 英 名： White-throated Laughing Thrush 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Timalidae 畫眉科 屬 性： 台灣特有亞種 形態特徵： 白喉噪眉全長約28公分，翼長約12公分。嘴黑色；腳褐色；眼先黑色；頭頂至後頸栗紅色；背部褐色，尾上覆羽略帶紅褐色，尾羽外側末端白色；飛羽黃褐色；喉部白色，甚為醒目；腹面污白色，胸側、體側淡黃褐色；尾下覆羽灰黃色。 生態習性： 多成群活動於樹林之中、上層；性活潑、叫聲嘈雜，常發出「嘿－嘿、嘿、嘿」像人們竊笑的聲音；主食為植物種子、果實，也會捕食昆蟲。 分 布： 樹林之中、上層 保育等級： 珍貴稀有保育類 Name： White-throated Laughing Thrush Scientific： Garrulax albogularis Class： PASSERIFORMES Timalidae Status： Taiwan’s subendemic species / Endangered Description： Body length—about 28cm, wing length—about 12cm. Bill—black; feet—brown; lores: black; head to nape is chestnut-red; back—brown; uppertail coverts are slightly reddish-brown, outer tail is tipped white; flight feathers are yellowish-brown; throat is distinctly white; belly is grayish-white, sides of breast and mantle are yellowish-brown; undertail coverts are grayish-yellow. Habits： Mostly active in groups in middle and top layers of forests; it is lively and noisy, often makes the sound of “hey—hey, hey, hey” like human’s chuckle. Main source of food includes seeds and fruits, and also captures insects. Range： Middle and top layers of forests.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird10301.htm中 名： 台灣噪眉（金翼白眉） 學 名： Garrulax morrisoniana 英 名： Formosan Laughing Thrush 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Timalidae 畫眉科 屬 性： 台灣特有種 形態特徵： 台灣噪眉全長約28公分，翼長約10公分。嘴淡褐色；腳肉色；眉斑及顎線白色，甚為醒目；頭部灰褐色，羽毛邊緣黑褐色，呈鱗斑狀；背部褐色，後頸、背部羽色略暗；飛羽及尾羽鼠灰色，飛羽外側羽緣金黃色；腹面褐色，尾下覆羽栗褐色。 生態習性： 在高海拔山區，十分易見，常跳躍及上下擺尾，受驚嚇時才會做短距離的飛行；常發出圓潤、宏亮之哨音，有時亦會發出似鈴聲「啼、啼、啼…」的連續音；以昆蟲、果實為食。 分 布： 主要棲息在中、高海拔山區小喬木底層灌叢及地面活動，是台灣海拔分布最高的畫眉科鳥類。 保育等級： 其他應予保育類 Name： Formosan Laughing Thrush Scientific： Garrulax morrisoniana Class： PASSERIFORMES Timalidae Status： Taiwan’s endemic species / Vulnerable Description： Body length: about 28cm, wing length: about 10cn. Bill—light brown; feet—pinkish; eyebrow and jaw line are white and very distinct; head is grayish-brown, edges of feathers are scale-shaped blackish-brown; black is brown, nape and back are slight darker; flight feathers and tail are gray, edges of flight feathers are golden yellow; belly is brown, undertail coverts are chestnut-brown. Habits： It is very commonly seen in mountains at high altitudes, often hops around and swings its tail, and only performs short-distant flying when startled. It makes the full, loud and clear bell-like calls: “ti, ti, ti…” continuously. Insects and fruits are its main source of food. Range： It mainly nests in the bottom layer of small arbour trees and bushes at mid and high altitudes. It is often active at ground levels, and is the most highly distributed birds in Taiwan from Family Timalidae.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan5.htm中 名： 棕噪眉（竹鳥） 學 名： Garrulax poecilorhynchus 英 名： Gray-sided Laughing Thrush 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Timalidae 畫眉科 屬 性： 台灣特有亞種 形態特徵： 棕噪眉全長約28公分，翼長約12公分。嘴灰藍色，先端黃色；眼圈藍色，甚為醒目；全身為栗褐色，頭上栗褐色味較濃，雜有有黑色細橫斑，飛羽及尾羽栗褐色較深，初級飛羽外側有灰色細邊；下腹部呈鉛灰色；尾下覆羽白色。 生態習性： 常成群活動於藤蔓叢生之密林中，性羞怯，甚少在空曠地帶活動；鳴聲似哨音「呼－果∼呼－呼－呼」，圓潤、悠揚而富變化。 分 布： 棲息於海拔500∼2,500公尺間闊葉林之中、下層。 保育等級： 其他應予保育類 Name： Gray-sided Laughing Thrush Scientific： Garrulax poecilorhynchus Class： PASSERIFORMES Timalidae Status： Taiwan’s subendemic species / Vulnerable Description： Body length: about 28cm, wing length: about 12cm. Bill—grayish-blue with yellow tip; around the eyes are blue and very distinct; plumage is chestnut-brown, darker on the head and mixed with black horizontal lines, flight feathers and tail are darker chestnut-brown, edges of primaries are gray; below belly is mercury-gray; undertail coverts are white. Habits： Often active in groups among forests bushed with vines. It is shy and very rarely moves about in open fields. It makes the whistle-like calls “hu-guo~hu-hu-hu” that is round, gentle, and varied. Range： It nests in middle and lower layers of deciduous forests between elevations of 500-2500 meters.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird10305.htm中 名： 白耳畫眉 學 名： Heterophasia auricularis 英 名： White-eared Sibia 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Timalidae 畫眉科 屬 性： 台灣特有種 形態特徵： 白耳畫眉全長約24公分，翼長約10公分。嘴黑色；腳肉色；過眼線白色，延伸至耳孔及後頭側，甚為醒目；頭頂藍黑色帶有金屬光澤；後頸至背部、喉至胸部灰黑色；腰至尾上覆羽橙褐色；飛羽黑色，初級飛羽基部灰白色；尾羽黑褐色，外側末端灰白色；腹部至尾下覆羽栗褐色。 生態習性： 白耳畫眉常成小群在樹林中、上層活動，生性機警，常發出尾音上揚似「飛、飛、飛、飛、飛……」之哨音，於警戒時會發出似機關槍掃射「得、得、得……」之連續聲；屬雜食性，花蜜、果實、種子、昆蟲等都吃。 分 布： 棲息於海拔1,000∼2,500公尺之闊葉林和針、闊葉混合林中，冬季會移棲至較低海拔山區。 保育等級： 其他應予保育類 Name： White-eared Sibia Scientific： Heterophasia auricularis Class： PASSERIFORMES Timalidae Status： Taiwan’s endemic species / Vulnerable Description： Body length: about 24cm, wing length: about 10cm. Bill—black; feet—pinkish; eyeline—white and expends towards sides of head, which appears distinctly. Head is blueish-black with metallic luster; nape to back and throat to breast are grayish-black; rump to uppertail coverts are orange-brown; flight feathers are black, base of primaries are grayish-white; tail is black-brown, outer tips are grayish-white; belly to undertail coverts is chestnut brown. Habits： White-eared Sibia is often active in small groups in the middle and upper layers of forests. It is alert and often makes the ascending calls of “fei, fei, fei, fei, fei……”, and the machine gun-like sound “de, de, de……” continuously when in alarm. It is polyphagia, feeds on various things like nectar, fruits, seeds, and insects. Range： It nests in deciduous forests and coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forests at elevations of 1,000 to 2,500 meters. It would migrate to lower altitudes in winter.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan8.htm中 名： 黃胸藪眉（藪鳥） 學 名： Liocichla steerii 英 名： Steere's Liocichla 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Timalidae 畫眉科 屬 性： 台灣特有種 形態特徵： 黃胸藪眉全長約18公分，翼長約8公分。嘴黑褐色；腳褐色；眼前下方有一橙黃色斑，甚為醒目；臉部、頸側橄黃色，外緣雜有橙黃色羽毛；額黃色；背部橄綠色，頭上、腰部灰黑色；飛羽基部橄黃色，次級飛羽末端有白色細斑，三級飛羽栗褐色；尾上覆羽灰藍色；尾羽末端黑色，羽端白色；喉、前頸灰黑色；腹面橄黃色，中央暗灰綠色；尾下覆羽黃色。 生態習性： 常成小群活動，性活潑、機警，常跳躍於濃密之灌木叢中，或出現於產業道路和小徑上；常發出嘹亮似「急－救兒」，或粗啞似「嗄、嗄、嗄」的鳴聲；以昆蟲為主食，也吃成熟的果實或挖掘地底的無脊椎動物。 分 布： 普遍棲息於海拔700∼2,500公尺之闊葉林底層。 保育等級： 其他應予保育類 Name： Steere's Liocichla Scientific： Liocichla steerii Class： PASSERIFORMES Timalidae Status： Taiwan’s endemic species; Vulnerable Description： Body length is about 18cm, wing length is about 8cm. Bill—blackish-brown; feet—brown; a distinct orange-yellow spot marked below the eyes; face and sides of neck are olive-yellow with orange-yellow feathers mixed at the edges; forehead—yellow; back—olive-green; head and rump are grayish-black; base of flight feathers are olive-yellow, secondaries are tipped with white spots; tertiaries are chestnut-brown; uppertail coverts are grayish-blue; tip of tail is black but white at the origin; throat, fore-neck are grayish-black; belly is olive-yellow with dark grayish-green in the center; undertail coverts are yellow. Habits： Often active in small groups, energetic and alert, and hops within thick bushes or appears in little trials or industrial paths; makes the loud note of “Ji—Juer” or the rough “ga, ga, ga” sound. It feeds primarily on insects and also consume ripen fruits or dip out underground invertebrates. Range： Commonly nests in bottom of deciduous forests at altitudes of 700-2500 meters.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan3.htm中 名： 小鷦眉(鱗胸鷦鷯) 學 名： Pnoepyga pusilla 英 名： Pygmy Wren Babbler 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Timalidae 畫眉科 屬 性： 台灣特有亞種 形態特徵： 小鷦眉全長約10公分。背部暗褐色，各羽羽軸末端有黃褐色圓斑；尾羽很短。喉至前頸呈淡灰白色，羽軸黑褐色；胸部以下羽色較黑，羽緣灰白色，使腹面呈鱗狀斑紋；尾下覆羽淡黃褐色。 生態習性： 性差怯，常靜止不動。鳴聲嘹亮，常常只聞其聲，不見其影。 分 布： 出現於中海拔之濃密樹林底層。 Name： Pygmy Wren Babbler Scientific： Pnoepyga pusilla Class： PASSERIFORMES Timalidae Status： Taiwan’s subendemic species Description： Body length is about 10cm. Back is dark brown and each scape of feather has a yellowish-brown circular spot; tail is very short. Throat to fore-neck is light grayish-white with scape of feathers as blackish-brown; below breast is blacker and edges of feathers are grayish-white, belly has scale-like markings; undertail coverts are light yellowish-brown. Habits： It is shy and often stops with no movements. Its voice is loud and clear but most of the time only sounds are heard but never seen the actual birds. Range： It normally appears in the bottom layer of thick woods at mid-altitudes.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan32.htm中 名： 大彎嘴畫眉 學 名： Pomatorhinus erythrogenys 英 名： Rusty-cheeked Scimitar babbler 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Timalidae 畫眉科 屬 性： 台灣特有亞種 形態特徵： 大彎嘴畫眉全長約25公分。嘴長而向下彎曲。前額栗紅色；背部為栗褐色，尾羽羽色略暗。臉頰暗紅褐色，頸側橄欖褐色，顎線黑色。喉部至腹面污白色，胸側有黑色粗斑，體側橄欖褐色，尾下覆羽栗褐色。 生態習性： 生性隱密，不易被發現。聲音圓潤宏亮，常發出「哇－霍、哇－霍」的叫聲。 分 布： 常單獨出現於低海拔山區之灌木或樹林下之濃密草叢中。 Name： Rusty-cheeked Scimitar babbler Scientific： Pomatorhinus erythrogenys Class： PASSERIFORMES Timalidae Status： Taiwan’s subendemic species Description： Body length is about 25cm. Bill is long and hooks downwards. Forehead is chestnut-red; back is chestnut-brown, tail is darker. Cheeks are dark rufous, sides of neck are olive-brown, jaw line is black. Throat to belly is grayish-white, sides of breast have black thick spots, sides of body are olive-brown, and undertail coverts are chestnut-brown. Habits： Secretive and elusive, not easily to be found. It makes a loud and round sound like: “wa-huo, wa-huo”. Range： Often appears alone in bushes or thick grass under woods at low altitudes.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan17.htm中 名： 小彎嘴畫眉 學 名： Pomatorhinus ruficollis 英 名： Streak-breasted Scimitar Babbler 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Timalidae 畫眉科 屬 性： 台灣特有亞種 形態特徵： 小彎嘴畫眉長21公分。嘴長而向下彎曲。頭部暗褐色；後頸部至背部、頸側栗紅褐色；背部至尾羽、翅膀皆為橄欖褐色；眉斑明顯白色，過眼線黑色，甚為醒目；喉部至胸部白色；胸前有褐色粗縱斑；腹栗褐色，間雜有白色羽毛。 生態習性： 喜於灌木叢或草叢中活動，性羞怯，不易被發現。鳴聲嘹亮，富變化，常發出低沉似「都、都、都」或「嘎歸－ 嘎歸－」之聲。 分 布： 通常單獨或成小群出現於中、低海拔之闊葉林或次生林中。 Name： Streak-breasted Scimitar Babbler Scientific： Pomatorhinus ruficollis Class： PASSERIFORMES Timalidae Status： Taiwan’s subendemic species Description： Body length is about 21cm. Bill is long and hooks downwards. Head—dark brown; nape to back and sides of neck are chestnut-red; back to tail, and wings are olive-brown; eyebrow is white while eyeline is black, which shows up distinctively; throat to breast is white; breast has thick brown vertical stripes; belly is chestnut-brown with white feathers mixed within. Habits： Likes to move about in bushes or grass, shy and not easily to be found. It makes a varied, loud and clear deep note like: “do, do, do” or “ga-gui—ga-gui—”. Range： It likes to appear in solitary or in small groups in deciduous forests at mid and low altitudes.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan16.htm中 名： 山紅頭 學 名： Stachyris ruficeps 英 名： Red-headed Tree Babbler 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Timalidae 畫眉科 屬 性： 台灣特有亞種 形態特徵： 山紅頭全長11公分。背面大致為橄欖褐色，頭頂栗紅色，極為醒目；前飛羽及尾羽略帶紅褐色；腹面呈黃白色.。 生態習性： 性活潑、好動，經常見於草叢、枝椏間。發出緩慢似「都、都、都、都、都」之聲，有時亦會發出輕細似「救急∼」之聲。 分 布： 通常成小群出現於平地至中海拔之樹林底層、灌叢中。 Name： Red-headed Tree Babbler Scientific： Stachyris ruficeps Class： PASSERIFORMES Timalidae Status： Taiwan’s subendemic species Description： Body length is about 11cm. Back is primarily olive-brown, head cap is a distinct chestnut-red; front of flight feathers and tail are slightly rufous; belly is yellowish-white. Habits： It is lively and energetic, often appears in grass and branches. It makes a slow “do, do, do, do, do” sound and sometimes produces a soft note like: “jiu-ji~”. Range： It usually forms small groups in bushes and the bottom layer of forests from ground level to mid altitudes.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan19.htm中 名： 冠羽畫眉 學 名： Yuhina brunneiceps 英 名： Formosan Yuhina 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Timalidae 畫眉科 屬 性： 台灣特有種 形態特徵： 冠羽畫眉全長約12公分，翼長約6公分。嘴黑色；腳黃褐色；頸部以上灰白色，略帶黃色，頭上冠羽暗褐色，頸側有一弧形線斑與過眼線、顎線相連，甚為醒目；背部大致為灰色，初級、次級飛羽暗褐色；腹面黃白色，胸以下略帶黃色，體側及尾下覆羽雜有栗褐色縱斑。 生態習性： 冠羽畫眉群聚性強，常和小型畫眉科及山雀科鳥類混群，在樹林中、上層或灌叢內活動，冬季會降遷至低海拔山區；性活潑好動、吵雜、不畏人，會發出婉轉似「吐米酒－」的叫聲；以昆蟲、果實、花蜜、花粉為食，花期常見其倒掛在枝頭吸食花蜜。 分 布： 棲息於中、低海拔闊、針葉混合林中。 保育等級： 其他應予保育類 Name： Formosan Yuhina Scientific： Yuhina brunneiceps Class： PASSERIFORMES Timalidae Status： Taiwan’s endemic species; Vulnerable Description： Body Length is about 12cm, wing length: about 6cm. Bill—black, feet—yellowish-brown; above neck is grayish-white with some slight yellow, crown is dark brown, sides of neck has a distinct arc connecting with eyeline and jawline; back is primarily gray, primaries and secondaries are dark brown; belly is yellowish-white, below breast is slightly yellow, and sides of body and undertail coverts are mixed with chestnut-brown vertical stripes. Habits： It likes to gather in groups and often blend with small birds from Subfamily Timalinae and Family Paridae. It is active in middle and upper layer of forests or in bushes, in winter it would descent to mountains at lower altitudes; it is energetic and lively, noisy and not afraid of people, and would makes the rounded sound like “tu-mi-jiu—”; it feeds primarily on insects, fruits, nectar, and pollen. It can often be seen handing up side down on branches to suck nectar. Range： It nests in coniferous and broad-leaf forests at mid and low altitudes.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/taiwan7.htm中 名： 綠畫眉 學 名： Yuhina zantholeuca 英 名： White-bellied yuhina 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Timalidae 畫眉科 形態特徵： 全長約11公分。背面大致為橄欖綠色，頭頂羽毛長呈冠羽狀。臉頰灰綠色，喉部以下灰黃色，尾下覆羽綠色。 生態習性： 性活潑，好動，常與其他小型鳥類混群活動。 分 布： 常單獨或成小群出現於低海拔之闊葉林或次生林上層 Name： White-bellied yuhina Scientific： Yuhina zantholeuca Class： PASSERIFORMES Timalidae Status： Common Description： Body length is about 11cm. Back is primarily olive-green, crown has long feathers. Cheeks are grayish-green, below throat is grayish-yellow, and undertail coverts are green. Habits： It is lively and active, often groups with other small-sized birds. Range： Appears alone or in small groups in secondary forests and deciduous forests at low altitudes.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird10303.htm中 名： 紅嘴黑鵯 學 名： Hypsipete leucdcephalus 英 名： Black Bulbul 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Pycnonotides 鵯 科 屬 性： 台灣特有亞種 形態特徵： 紅嘴黑鵯全長約24公分。嘴、腳紅色。頭至頸部、背部、胸部皆為黑色而帶有金屬光澤，飛羽及尾羽具有灰色羽緣，腹以下灰色。 生態習性： 常出現於中、低海拔之山坡地及林緣地帶。喜停棲於高大喬木或枯枝上。常發出似「喵－喵－」或「小器鬼、小器鬼」之聲。 分 布： 常出現於中、低海拔之山坡地及林緣地帶。 Name： Black Bulbul Scientific： Hypsipete leucdcephalus Class： PASSERIFORMES Pycnonotides Status： Taiwan’s subendemic species Description： Body length is about 24cm. Bill and feet—red; head to nape, back, and breast are black with metallic luster, flight feathers and tail has gray edges, below belly is gray. Habits： Often appears in hillsides or edges of forests at mid and low altitudes. It likes to stop at tall arbour trees or dead woods, making the sound like “miao—miao” or “xiao-qi-gui, xiao-qi-gui”. Range： Frequent occurrence at hillside and edges of forests at mid and low altitudes.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird12102.htm中 名： 白頭翁 學 名： Pycnonotus sinensis 英 名： Chinese Bulbul 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Pycnonotides 鵯科 屬 性： 台灣特有亞種 形態特徵： 白頭翁全長約18公分。頭頂至後頸黑色，枕部有塊大白斑。背部尾上覆羽、小覆羽灰色，略帶黃綠色；翼、尾羽橄欖黃綠色。眼先至耳羽、面頰黑褐色，眼後方耳孔部位有一白斑。腹面白色，上胸、體側淡褐色。 生態習性： 分布局限於東北部之宜蘭、北部、西部至南部楓港附近，不見於有烏頭翁分布的恒春半島及花東地區。鳴聲嘹亮富變化似「巧克力、巧克力」之聲。 分 布： 出現於平地至中海拔中層之樹林地帶。 Name： Chinese Bulbul Scientific： Pycnonotus sinensis Class： PASSERIFORMES Pycnonotides Status： Taiwan’s subendemic species Description： Body length is about 18cm. Head to nape is black with a large white marking. Back, uppertail coverts, and lesser wing coverts are gray with some slight yellowish-green; wings and tail are olive-yellow. Lores to ear coverts and cheeks are black-brown, a white spot can be found behind the eyes. Belly—white, upper-breast and sides of body—light brown. Habits： It is distributed at northeaster Ilan County and north, west, and south of Feng Port. Chinese Bulbul can’t be found at Heng-Chun Peninsula and Hua-Dong Regions. It makes the loud, clear, and varied sound similar to: “chocolate, chocolate”. Range： It often appears in forests at mid altitude to sea level.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird12101.htm中 名： 白環鸚嘴鵯 學 名： Spizixos Semitorques 英 名： Collared Finchbill 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Pycnonotides 鵯科 屬 性： 台灣特有亞種 形態特徵： 白環鸚嘴鵯全長約19公分。嘴短而厚，似鸚鵡，呈乳白色。頭部灰黑色，背部為黃綠色，尾羽黃綠色末端暗褐色。頸部有一白色橫帶延伸成頸環狀；胸部以下呈黃綠色。 生態習性： 常停棲於枝梢、草莖或電線上鳴唱。叫聲短促、嘹亮似「記得是誰、記得是誰、是誰－」之哨音。 分 布： 常成小群出現於低海拔之樹林。 Name： Collared Finchbill Scientific： Spizixos Semitorques Class： PASSERIFORMES Pycnonotides Status： Taiwan’s subendemic species Description： Body length is about 19cm. Bill is milky white, short and thick like a parrot. Head is grayish-black, back is yellowish-green, tail is yellowish-green and tipped dark brown. Neck has a white horizontal band extending into a collar shape; below breast is yellowish-green. Habits： If often rests on branches, grass stalks, and wires. Its call is short and fast, loud and clear like: “Ji-de-shi-shei, Ji-de-shi-shei, Ji-de-shi-shei—”. Range： Often appear in small groups in forests at low altitudes.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird12102.htm中 名： 河烏 學 名： Cinclus pallasii 英 名： Brown Dipper 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Cinclidae 河烏科 形態特徵： 河烏全長約22公分。全身均為暗褐色。幼鳥大致與成鳥相似，但全身有均勻的白色斑點。 生態習性： 常停棲於岩石上時，不停地上下擺動尾羽或拍動翅膀。 分 布： 出現於中、低海拔之山澗溪流地帶。 Name： Brown Dipper Scientific： Cinclus pallasii Class： PASSERIFORMES Cinclidae Status： Common Description： Body length is about 22cm. Plumage is dark brown. Immature birds are similar to adults except that chicks have evenly spread out white spots. Habits： It often rests on rocks and swings it tail up and down or flaps its wings. Range： Appears around mountain streams at mid and low altitudes.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird12501.htm中 名： 鷦鷯 學 名： Troglodytes troglodytes 英 名： Winter Wren 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Troglodytidae 科 屬 性： 台灣特有亞種 形態特徵： 全身為暗栗褐色，眉斑乳白色，背部有黑褐色細斑紋，腹面有淡褐色橫斑，尾下覆羽有尖白色斑點。 生態習性： 通常單獨活動，喜鳴唱，隱匿，不易見。 分 布： 出現於高海拔之草叢或樹林下層。 Name： Winter Wren Scientific： Troglodytes troglodytes Class： PASSERIFORMES Troglodytidae Status： Taiwan’s subendemic species Description： Plumage is dark chestnut-brown, eyebrow is milky white, back has black-brown horizontal lines, undertail coverts has small white spots. Habits： It is usually active in solitary, likes to sing, elusive and not easily seen. Range： Occurs in grass and lower layer of forests at high altitudes.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird15201.htm中 名： 岩鷚 學 名： Prunella collaris 英 名： Alpine Accentor 分 類： PASSERIFORMES 雀形目 Troglodytidae 科 屬 性： 台灣特有亞種 形態特徵： 頭至頸部鼠灰色；喉灰白色，有暗灰色斑點。背部大致為茶褐色，有黑褐色橫斑；翼有白色斑點，呈翼帶狀；尾羽末端有乳白色斑點。胸鼠灰色；腹、?茶褐色，有暗色斑紋 生態習性： 不甚懼人，常停棲於岩石上 分 布： 通常單獨或三、二隻出現於高海拔之裸露岩石地帶或空曠地區。 Name： Alpine Accentor Scientific： Prunella collaris Class： PASSERIFORMES Troglodytidae Status： Taiwan’s subendemic species. Description： Head to neck is gray; throat is grayish-white with dark gray spots. Back is mostly tea-brown with black-brown horizontal stripes; wings have white markings shaping like a wing-band; the tip of tail has milky white dots. Breast is gray; belly and flank is tea-brown with dark spots. Habits： It is not afraid of people and often rests on rocks. Range： Appears in solitary or in groups of two or three in rocky area or open field at high altitudes.
圖片來源: http://www.tcc.gov.tw/~liao/bird13301.htm中 名： 小翼鶇 學 名： Brachypteryx montana 英 名： Blue Shortwing 分 類： PASSERIFORMAE 雀形目 Turdidae 鶇科 屬 性： 台灣特有亞種 形態特徵： 小翼鶇全長約12公分，翼長約6公分。嘴黑色；腳褐色；眉斑白色；全身為褐色，腹面羽色呈略淡灰色；腹部中央黃白色。 生態習性： 多單獨於森林下層之矮灌叢中活動，性羞怯隱密；鳴聲是初嘹亮、後漸雜亂下降似「唏、唏噶哩－噶哩」的聲音。 分